ICP-MS测定无公害畜禽饮用水中铅、汞、砷和镉

用ICP-MS测定畜禽饮用水中铅、汞、砷、镉的含量,其最终结果与现行国家标准方法一致。     

Multiclass method for the quantification of 92 veterinary antimicrobial drugs in livestock excreta,wastewater, and surface water by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

A simple multiresidue method was developed for detecting and quantifying 92 veterinary antimicrobial drugs from eight classes (β‐lactams, quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, lincomycins, macrolides, chloramphenicols, and pleuromutilin) in livestock excreta and water by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The feces samples were extracted by ultrasound‐assisted extraction with a mixture of acetonitrile/water (80:20, v/v) and edetate disodium, followed by a cleanup using solid‐phase extraction with an amino cartridge. Water samples were purified with hydrophilic–lipophilic balance solid‐phase extraction column. Urine samples were extracted with acetonitrile and edetate disodium. Detection of veterinary antimicrobial drugs was achieved by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry using both positive and negative electrospray ionization mode. The recovery values of veterinary antimicrobial drugs in feces, urine, and water samples were 75–99, 85–110, and 85–101% and associated relative standard deviations were less than 15, 10, and 8%, respectively. The limits of quantification in feces, urine, and water samples were 0.5–1, 0.5–1, and 0.01–0.05 μg/L, respectively. This method was applied to determine real samples obtained from local farms and provides reliable quantification and identification results of 92 veterinary antimicrobial drugs in livestock excreta and water.     

Application of Raman Spectroscopy Technique to Agricultural Products Quality and Safety DeterminationSCIEI北大核心CSCD

The quality and safety of agricultural products and people health are inseparable. Using the conventional chemical methods which have so many defects, such as sample pretreatment, complicated operation process and destroying the samples. Raman spectroscopy as a powerful tool of analysing and testing molecular structure, can implement samples quickly without damage, qualitative and quantitative detection analysis. With the continuous improvement and the scope of the application of Raman spectroscopy technology gradually widen, Raman spectroscopy technique plays an important role in agricultural products quality and safety determination, and has wide application prospects. There have been a lot of related research reports based on Raman spectroscopy detection on agricultural product quality safety at present. For the understanding of the principle of detection and the current development situation of Raman spectroscopy, as well as tracking the latest research progress both at home and abroad, the basic principles and the development of Raman spectroscopy as well as the detection device were introduced briefly. The latest research progress of quality and safety determination in fruits and vegetables, livestock and grain by Raman spectroscopy technique were reviewed deeply. Its technical problems for agricultural products quality and safety determination were pointed out. In addition, the text also briefly introduces some information of Raman spectrometer and the application for patent of the portable Raman spectrometer, prospects the future research and application.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定不同畜禽配合饲料中伏马毒素的含量

为摸清复杂基质中FB1和FB2污染的准确水平,本研究建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法( LC-MS/MS)测定不同畜禽配合饲料中伏马毒素B1(FB1)和B2(FB2)的分析方法。样品用乙腈-水(50：50, V/V)提取, MAX强阴离子固相萃取柱富集净化后,以0.1%甲酸和甲醇为流动相,经 Thermo C18色谱柱(100 mm ×2.1 mm,5μm)分离,采用电喷雾正电离(ESI+)多反应模式(MRM)监测,外标法定量。结果表明：不同饲料样品中FB1和FB2在1~500μg/kg之间线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)均大于0.9990,定量限分别为0.098和0.197μg/kg,检出限分别为0.328和0.656μg/kg;低、中、高浓度加标回收率为89.7%~95.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.2%~8.6%。用本方法对市场上采集的106份不同畜禽配合饲料中FB1和FB2含量进行测定,样品检出率为98.11%。本方法适用于基质复杂的畜禽配合饲料中伏马毒素FB1和FB2的准确、快速定性与定量分析。     

在线净化液相色谱-串联质谱法测定畜禽粪便中7种β2-受体激动剂

建立了同时测定畜禽粪便中福莫特罗、沙美特罗、卡布特罗、克伦异磅特罗、克伦潘特、克伦塞罗和羟甲基克伦特罗7种β2-受体激动剂的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱( UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品经酸性乙腈充分提取后,再用0.2％甲酸溶液稀释,提取液用阳离子交换在线净化柱( HyperSep Retain CX)净化,2％氨水-甲醇溶液将分析物洗脱转入至Hypersil Gold C18分析柱,经色谱分离后,用串联质谱检测。在正离子电喷雾条件下,采用选择反应监测模式检测,以外标法定量。结果表明,7种β受体激动剂在0.5~100μg/L的浓度范围内线性良好,线性相关系数均大于0.9928。取3倍信噪比下,畜禽粪便中7种β2受体激动剂的检出限为1μg/kg,定量限为5μg/kg。在空白猪、鸡粪便中添加5~50μg/kg水平的7种β2受体激动剂,得到平均回收率为67％~112％,其相对标准偏差为2.9％~10.2％。本方法简单快速,适用于畜禽粪便中β2-受体激动剂残留的定量及确证分析。     

拉曼光谱技术在农产品质量安全检测中的应用

农产品的质量安全与我们老百姓的身体健康和生命安全密不可分。传统的化学检测方法具有需要样品前处理,操作过程复杂以及破坏样品等诸多缺陷。拉曼光谱技术作为一种分析、测试物质分子结构强有力的表征手段,可以快速实现样品的无损伤、定性定量检测分析。随着拉曼光谱技术的不断完善和应用范围的逐渐拓宽,拉曼光谱技术在农产品的质量安全检测中发挥着极其重要作用,并且具有广阔的应用前景。目前,已经有大量的基于拉曼光谱技术检测农产品质量安全的相关研究报道,为了解拉曼光谱技术的检测原理以及发展现状,并跟踪国内外最新研究进展,简述了拉曼光谱技术的基本原理及其发展、拉曼光谱检测装置,深入综述了拉曼光谱技术在果蔬、禽畜、粮食质量安全检测中的最新研究进展,指出了拉曼光谱技术应用在农产品质量安全检测中的现存的技术问题。另外,还简要介绍了国内外部分拉曼光谱仪的部分信息和便携式拉曼光谱仪专利申请状况,展望了该项技术的研究方向和应用前景。     

Livestock mortality catastrophe insurance using fatal shock process

A major problem facing livestock producers is animal mortality risk. Livestock mortality insurance is still at the initial stages, and premium computation approaches are still relatively new and will require more research. We study multi-peril mortality insurance covering the death of livestock in Canada due to a number of natural causes and animal diseases. The coverage includes diseases that must be reported to the CFIA (Canadian Food Inspection Agency). When a Federal reportable disease (FRD) occurs, the CFIA orders the slaughter of animals. A general model to compute premiums, based on actuarial approaches, has been developed for mortality insurance incorporating FRD. This model can be applied to hogs, cattle, and poultry, and is designed to cover all stages of livestock production.Mortality multi-peril insurance premiums are computed for illustration purposes. Hogs are used as an example, specifically in their final 16 weeks (from the 9th week to the 25th week) when they weigh between 23 kg to 113 kg. This is referred to as the third stage (cycle) or the finishing/grower stage. Premium estimates are generated based on the mortality data. In addition, an additional CFIA reportable disease not seen in the data is assumed. However, it is assumed that producers receiving animal mortality compensation from the CFIA would have their mortality insurance indemnity payouts reduced by the amount of the CFIA animal compensation (no double collection of funds by producers). We introduce fatal shock processes to incorporate the CFIA reportable disease. Having these shocks, all hogs raised in the same farm are facing the same fate with FRD since all hogs will be slaughtered when it occurs. Mortality data is obtained from a North American sample from 1999–2007, covering 139 million hog-months over a number of monthly periods. We calculate premium rate based on per 1,000 hogs raised in the same farm with modifications including deductible and coverage level.     

畜禽粪便中磺胺类抗生素及其N~4-乙酰代谢物残留特征的分析

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法测定畜禽粪便中磺胺类及其N~4-乙酰代谢物的分析方法。鸡粪、猪粪和牛粪样品经加速溶剂萃取仪萃取,Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化,采用电喷雾正离子(ESI+)多反应检测模式(MRM)定量分析。平均回收率达63.8%~103.7%,相对标准偏差小于13%,方法检出限和定量限分别在0.5~5μg·kg-1和1.5~20μg·kg-1之间。通过对畜禽粪便中磺胺类及其代谢物残留特征的分析表明,畜禽粪便中磺胺类及其代谢物的检出率分别为90%和100%,N~4-乙酰代谢物的残留量约为母体磺胺类抗生素残留量的2倍;不同畜禽粪便样品中其残留量的差异较大,其中猪粪鸡粪牛粪。实验结果表明,该方法具有较高的准确度和灵敏度,可满足畜禽粪便中磺胺类抗生素及其代谢物残留的检测要求。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定畜产品中6种青霉素类药物残留

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定牛肉和牛奶中青霉素类药物残留。样品以磷酸盐缓冲溶液提取、乙酸锌沉淀蛋白、正己烷脱脂,然后经HLB固相萃取柱净化后,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分离检测,外标法定量。6种青霉素的线性范围均在25.0μg·L-1以内,检出限(3S/N)为2μg·kg-1,测定下限(10S/N)为5μg·kg-1。加标回收率在77.0%~99.8%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在3.7%~13%之间。     

Simultaneous detection of bacitracin and polymyxin B in livestock products using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

With the overarching aim to develop a simple and reliable method for the quantitative analysis of polypeptide antibiotics in various livestock products, the content of bacitracin, and polymyxin B in pork, beef, chicken, milk, and eggs was analyzed using colistin sulfate as an internal standard. The extracted samples were eluted via solid‐phase extraction using 2% formic acid in acetonitrile/methanol (1:1, v/v). The two polypeptides were identified and quantified based on the intensities of mass fragments from the respective triply charged precursor ions (bacitracin: 474.97 amu and polymyxin B: 402 amu) at the defined retention time windows using liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in time‐scheduled multiple reaction monitoring mode. The calibration curves showed good linearity over the concentration range 50–2500 ng/mL with determination coefficients ≥ 0.991. The mean recoveries were in the range 80.3–88.8% with relative standard deviations <13% for all samples. The limits of quantitation ranged from 30–250 ng/g. The developed method was applied to market samples, but the target analytes were not detected in any of the samples. The developed method is reliable for the simultaneous detection of bacitracin and polymyxin B in pork, beef, chicken, milk, and eggs.