离子能量分析器测量特性的仿真研究

针对空间等离子体及其模拟环境、空间原子氧及其模拟环境对离子能谱测量的需要，利用仿真软件COMSOL，对离子能量分析器的低能离子测量特性进行了仿真研究。介绍了离子能量分析器的工作原理，对离子能谱测量过程进行了公式推导。通过对三种待选仪器设计方案进行离子透过率仿真分析，确定了一种较优的仪器设计方案。多种离子温度下的误差分析结果也表明，该设计方案能够较为准确地测量离子能量分布。分析了电场畸变、等离子鞘层、栅网对齐方式和离子温度对测量结果的影响，根据仿真结果对一些仿真实验现象做出了合理的解释。     

电动生物修复底泥中电场对微生物活性的影响

采用电动生物复合技术修复底泥,探讨了电场对底泥污染物中微生物的生长活性、营养物质的迁移等的影响.实验发现,强电场(3V.cm-1)会降低细菌的活性,而弱电场(1V.cm-1)可激活微生物的活性.相应地,弱电场下的底泥中脱氢酶活性高于强电场下的底泥;电场作用下阳极附近的异养菌生长会受到抑制;较高频率的电极正负极交替有助于消除电场作用对阳极附近异养菌总数的影响.用电动方法向底泥中注入营养物质,发现含氮化合物能在底泥中电动迁移,其中硝酸根的迁移性强于铵盐,而阴极室中磷含量下降,但磷酸根在底泥中未发生迁移.     

基于聚多巴胺的氮掺杂碳材料的制备及其电化学性能

多孔碳材料由于高的比表面积、优异的电子传导率、良好的化学稳定性等优点在超级电容器电极材料领域被广泛研究。 碳材料的组成及表面孔结构直接影响其电化学性能,为进一步提高碳材料的电容性能,本文首次以聚多巴胺球为前体,KOH为活化剂,通过高温碳化成功制备了良好电化学性能的氮掺杂多孔碳材料。 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和Raman光谱等对所制备的氮掺杂多孔碳材料进行了形貌及结构组成的表征。 在6 mol/L KOH电解液中, 采用循环伏安、恒电流充放电对多孔碳材料的电化学性能进行了研究。 结果表明,由于双电层电容和赝电容的协同作用,在电流密度为1 A/g时,材料的比电容可达269 F/g,充放电循环1000圈后电容仍可保留初始值的93.5%。     

电离规管保护器

一、概述电离规管是目前应用非常广泛的一种高真空测量传感元件。在工作时其灯丝是处于红热状态,因此对被测气体的真空度有一定的要求,即在压强小于1.3 x 10~(-1)pa(10~(-3)Torr)时才能开启,否则管子的灯丝极易氧化烧断。通常电子管式复合真空计均不具备电离规管保护电路,某些晶体管式的虽有保护电路(如sG-3型及SZ6804B型),     

High-Quality Large-Sized Single Crystals of Pb-Doped Bi2Sr2CuO6＋δ High-To Superconductors Grown with Traveling Solvent Floating Zone Method

High quality Pb-doped Bi2Sr2Cu06＋δ （Pb-Bi2201） single crystals are grown by the traveling solvent floating zone technique, with dimensions as large as - 50 min× - 5.0 min ×- 2 mm. The Pb-Bi2201 single crystals with different doping levels are obtained by the annealing process which covers a wide doping range of the overdoped region. We describe in detail the growth and annealing procedures and the characterization and physical property measurements of the Pb-Bi2201 crystals. The availability of these crystals provides a good opportunity to experimentally investigate high-To cuprate superconductors, particularly in the overdoped region.     

Effect of heat treatment on electronic phase in underdoped La2-xSrxCuO4 single crystal

Superconducting La1.937Sr0.063CuO4 crystals grown by the travelling-solvent floating-zone technique were thermally treated under various temperatures and oxygen pressures for moderately adjusting the oxygen content. The response of intrinsic electronic property of the crystals to the change of hole density in La2-xSrxCuO4 in the vicinity of the magic doping of x= 1/16 （= 0.0625） is studied in detail by magnetic measurements under various fields up to 1 T. It is found that when the superconducting critical temperature （Tc） increases with the oxygen content, there appears also a new subtle electronic state that can be detected from the differential curves of diamagnetic susceptibility dx/dT of the crystal sample. In contrast with the intrinsic state, the new subtle electronic state is very fragile under the magnetic fields. Our results indicate that a moderate change in oxygen doping does not significantly modify the intrinsic electronic state originally existing at the magic doping level.     

The effects of interstitial oxygen on superconducting electronic phases in strontium and oxygen co-doped La1.937Sr0.063CuO4＋δ

Strontium and oxygen co-doped La1.937Sr0.063CuO4＋δ superconductor with Tc≈ 40K, which is obtained by oxidizing strontium-doped starting ceramic sample La1.937Sr0.063CuO4 in NaC10 solution, is annealed under different conditions to allow interstitial oxygen to redistribute. The evolution of the intrinsic superconducting property with the oxygen redistribution is studied in detail by magnetic measurements in various fields. It is found that there occurs the electronic phase separation from the single superconducting phase with Tc ≈ 40 K into two coexisting superconducting states with values of Tc： 15 and 40K or of 15 and 35 K in this system, depending on annealing condition. Our results indicate that the 15, 35 and 40 K superconducting phases associated with the excess oxygen redistribution are all thermodynamically meta-stable intrinsic states in this Sr/O co-doped cuprate.     

脱氟化氢聚偏氟乙烯膜的制备, 表征和导电性能的研究

聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜与一些有机弱碱作用脱氟化氢(HF)生成表面为一氟乙炔(PFA)的膜。红外、紫外可见光谱分析表明脱HF的PVDF膜的共轭链结构比较规整。X光电子能谱、反应深度和接触度的分析表明, PVDF脱HF反应主要发生在膜表面。脱HF的PVDF膜(PFA)经各种掺杂剂掺杂后电导率上升5~6个数量级, 最高可达10^-^4s/cm, 且在掺杂过程中出现出的性质不同于聚乙炔。     

基于绝热氧化的煤自燃倾向性鉴定研究

本文首先指出了我国现行的煤自燃倾向性色谱吸氧鉴定法的不足之处,同时给出了煤自燃倾向性鉴定标准的基本原则。根据绝热氧化理论和绝热氧化方程,设计了相应绝热氧化实验装置。通过理论和实验研究,提出了能够反映煤自燃关键阶段,即低温氧化阶段动力学参数活化能E作为煤自燃倾向性鉴定指标,并测试了五个典型煤样的低温氧化活化能E,同时根据该指标对煤自燃倾向性等级进行了初步划分。最后,通过现场煤自燃发火期与煤物理吸附氧量和低温氧化活化能E的对比,对该指标的实用性和科学性进行了检验。