第十五届全国原子与分子物理学术会议投稿论文:粒子在 Hénon-Heiles势中的逃逸动力学模拟

利用庞加莱截面和相空间轨迹方法对粒子在Hénon-Heiles势中的逃逸动力学进行了模拟。粒子的动力学性质敏感地依赖于粒子的能量。数值计算表明当能量很小时，粒子的运动是规则的；随着能量的增加，粒子的运动开始出现混沌。当能量增加到鞍点能 时,几乎所有的相空间轨迹都是混沌的。当粒子的能量 , 粒子可以越过势阱发生逃逸。对于给定的大于 的能量, 我们画出了粒子的逃逸－时间曲线和逃逸轨迹。我们的研究对于研究混沌传输和逃逸动力学具有一定的参考价值。     

激光脉冲对氢负离子在金属面附近光剥离的影响

利用闭合轨道理论和金属面附近氢负离子的双脉冲光剥离截面的计算公式,计算了氢负离子在金属面附近激光脉冲作用下的光剥离截面.计算结果表明:如果脉冲宽度远大于闭合轨道的回归周期时,它对光剥离截面的影响很小;当脉冲宽度小于闭合轨道的周期或者可以和闭合轨道的周期相比较时,光剥离截面的振荡幅度大大地减弱.光剥离截面除了与脉冲宽度有关外,还与双脉冲之间的时间延迟、相位差有关.对于某些相位差, 双脉冲光剥离截面的取值增大; 而对于另外一些相位差, 光剥离截面的取值减小.因此,可以利用脉冲激光来控制氢负离子在表面附近光剥离 关键词： 激光脉冲 光剥离截面 金属面 闭合轨道理论     

氢负离子在微腔中的光剥离研究

利用闭合轨道理论,研究了氢负离子在金属面和弹性界面组成的微腔中的光剥离截面.结果表明,微腔的上下表面对氢负离子的光剥离截面产生很大影响.若固定金属面与氢负离子之间的距离不变,当弹性界面与氢负离子之间的距离很大时,弹性界面对氢负离子光剥离截面的影响很小,光剥离截面的振荡幅度和振荡频率与只有金属面时的情况类似.随着弹性界面和氢负离子之间距离的不断减小,光剥离截面的振荡幅度增大,振荡频率减小.若保持氢负离子和弹性界面之间的距离不变,随着金属面和氢负离子之间距离d₀的不断增大, 关键词： 光剥离截面 闭合轨道理论 微腔     

The influence of electric of H- near field on the photodetachment a metal surface

The influence of electric field on the photodetachment of H- near a metal surface is investigated based on the closed-orbit theory. It is found that the photodetachment of H- near a metal surface is not only related to the electric field strength but also to the electric field direction. If the electric field is along the ＋z axis, it can strengthen the oscillation in the photodetachment cross section. However, if the electric field is along the -z axis, since the direction of electric field force is opposite to that of static-image force caused by the metal surface, the situation becomes much more complicated. When the electric field is very weak, its influence can be neglected. The photodetachment cross section is nearly the same as that when a single metal surface exists. When the electric field strength is strong enough, the electric field force is able to counteract the metallic attraction, therefore no closed orbit is formed. If the electric field continues to increase until its influence becomes dominant, the photodetachment cross section approaches the case of the photodetachment of H^- in an electric field. Our results may be useful for guiding future experimental studies on the photodetachment of negative ions near surfaces.     

Magnetic field effect in photodetachment from negative ion in electric field near metal surface

Based on the closed-orbit theory, the magnetic field effect in the photodetachment of negative ion in the electric field near a metal surface is studied for the first time. The results show that the magnetic field can produce a significant effect on the photodetachment of negative ion near a metal surface. Besides the closed orbits previously found by Du et al. for the H in the electric field near a metal surface (J. Phys. B 43 035002 (2010)), some additional closed orbits are produced due to the effect of magnetic field. For a given ion-surface distance and an electric field strength, the cross section depends sensitively on the magnetic field strength. As the magnetic field strength is very small, its influence can be neglected. With the increase of the magnetic field strength, the number of the closed orbits increases greatly and the oscillation in the cross section becomes much more complex. Therefore we can control the photodetachment cross section of the negative ion by changing the magnetic field strength. We hope that our results may guide future experimental studies for the photodetachment process of negative ion in the presence of external fields and surfaces.     

H-在金属面附近光剥离的波包动力学研究

利用波包演化和自关联函数方法对H^-在金属面附近光剥离的波包动力学进行了研究.结果表明,金属面附近光剥离电子的波包演化和回归结构与H^-到金属面的距离、激光脉冲的脉冲宽度和初始动量都有一定的关系.因此,可以通过改变离子表面距离和激光脉冲的参数对光剥离电子的动力学性质进行调控研究.除此之外,光剥离电子的镜像态寿命对波包的演化和自关联函数也会产生一定的影响:考虑镜像态寿命的影响时,随着时间的演化,波包概率密度的振幅逐渐减小,波包整体上有明显的衰减,寿命对波包演化过程中的干涉有削弱的作用;通过对电子波包的自关联函数研究,发现无限长寿命的电子波包有很好的量子回归现象,而当考虑寿命因素后光剥离电子波包随着时间的演化会发生周期性的坍塌和扩散,经过一段时间后,该回归现象消失.本文的理论研究可以为表面附近电子波包动力学的实验研究提供一定的参考价值. 关键词： 波包 演化和回归 自关联函数 金属面     

高效液相色谱测定疫苗中硫柳汞

建立了疫苗中硫柳汞含量的反相高效液相色谱测定方法。样品溶液经离心及膜过滤后直接进样分析,以甲-醇0.02 mol.L-1乙酸铵溶液(体积比30∶70)为流动相可有效地改善硫柳汞的峰形对称度,克服强酸性溶液体系下方法重现性差的不足。结果表明,该方法简便快捷、定量结果准确、重现性强,可用于疫苗生产和使用中的质量控制。     

氢负离子在均匀电场和金属面附近的光剥离研究

利用闭合轨道理论,计算了氢负离子在均匀电场和金属面附近的光剥离截面.结果表明,在均匀电场的基础上加上金属面之后,在电离阈附近氢负离子的光剥离截面发生了很大的变化,和仅有均匀电场存在时的光剥离截面相比,截面的振荡幅度增大,振荡频率减小.并且在电场强度相同时,随着金属面与氢负离子距离的不断增大,光剥离截面振荡的幅度不断减小,振荡的频率不断增大,当金属面和氢负离子的距离增大到一定值时,金属面的影响消失,氢负离子的光剥离截面趋近于只有电场存在时的情况.这一结果对于研究负离子体系在界面附近的光剥离问题具有一定的参考价值.     

Coherent Control of Photodetachment of H- in Perpendicular Electric and Magnetic Fields

Using the semiclassical closed orbit theory, we study the coherent control of the photodetachment of H^- by a single and double-pulse laser in perpendicular electric and magnetic fields. Theoretically, dependences of calculated cross section on laser pulse widths, time delays, relative phases and the classical detached electron＇s closed orbit period are presented and discussed in detail. The results suggest that for the single pulse laser, if the pulse width is shorter than the particular closed orbit period, then the contribution of that dosed orbit to the photodetachment cross section is reduced. While for the double pulse laser, the cross section not only depends on the pulse width, but also depends on the time delay and the relative phase of the two pulses, If the pulse delay time equals to the period of one closed orbit, then the contribution of that orbit becomes significant. Therefore, we can use the pulse laser to control the photodetachment process of ion or atom in external fields.     

粒子在 Hénon-Heiles势中的逃逸动力学模拟

利用庞加莱截面和相空间轨迹方法对粒子在Hénon-Heiles势中的逃逸动力学进行了模拟.粒子的动力学性质敏感地依赖于粒子的能量.数值计算表明当能量很小时,粒子的运动是规则的;随着能量的增加,粒子的运动开始出现混沌.当能量增加到鞍点能Es时,几乎所有的相空间轨迹都是混沌的.当粒子的能量E>Es,粒子可以越过势阱发生逃逸.对于给定的大于Es的能量, 我们画出了粒子的逃逸-时间曲线和逃逸轨迹.我们的研究对于研究混沌传输和逃逸动力学具有一定的参考价值.