In situ study of calcite-III dimorphism using dynamic diamond anvil cell

The phase transitions among the high-pressure polymorphic forms of CaCO₃ (cc-I, cc-II, cc-III, and cc-IIIb) are investigated by dynamic diamond anvil cell (dDAC) and in situ Raman spectroscopy. Experiments are carried out at room temperature and high pressures up to 12.8 GPa with the pressurizing rate varying from 0.006 GPa/s to 0.056 GPa/s. In situ observation shows that with the increase of pressure, calcite transforms from cc-I to cc-II at ～ 1.5 GPa and from cc-II to cc-III at ～ 2.5 GPa, and transitions are independent of the pressurizing rate. Further, as the pressure continues to increase, the cc-IIIb begins to appear and coexists with cc-III within a pressure range that is inversely proportional to the pressurizing rate. At the pressurizing rates of 0.006, 0.012, 0.021, and 0.056 GPa/s, the coexistence pressure ranges of cc-III and cc-IIIb are 2.8 GPa-9.8 GPa, 3.1 GPa-6.9 GPa, 2.7 GPa-6.0 GPa, and 2.8 GPa-4.5 GPa, respectively. The dependence of the coexistence on the pressurizing rate may result from the influence of pressurizing rate on the activation process of transition by reducing the energy barrier. The higher the pressurizing rate, the lower the energy barrier is, and the easier it is to pull the system out of the coexistence state. The results of this in situ study provide new insights into the understanding of the phase transition of calcite.     

稀疏分解在钢水红外图像去噪中的应用

基于辐射测温原理,介绍了红外测温理论和稀疏分解去噪原理,为了提高钢水的测温精度,对钢水的红外图像噪声进行处理。搭建钢水红外测温的实验平台,获得不同实验条件不同温度下的钢水红外图像,利用稀疏分解对钢水红外图像进行去噪处理。与维纳滤波图像去噪结果进行比较,实验结果表明,稀疏分解更好地去除了钢水红外热图像中的噪声,图像的峰值信噪比提高了10 dB。     

薄膜厚度对射频磁控溅射β-Ga2O3薄膜光电性能的影响

本文在室温下利用射频磁控溅射技术在(001)蓝宝石衬底上制备了不同厚度的β-Ga₂O₃薄膜,随后将其置于氩气气氛中800℃退火1 h.利用XRD,SEM,UV-Vis分光光度计、PL光致发光光谱仪和Keithley 4200-SCS半导体表征系统等考察薄膜厚度对所得氧化镓薄膜相组成、表面形貌、光学性能以及光电探测性能的影响.结果表明,随着薄膜厚度的增加,薄膜结晶质量提高,840 nm薄膜最佳,1050 nm薄膜结晶质量略有降低.不同厚度β-Ga₂O₃薄膜在波长200—300 nm日盲区域内均具有明显的紫外光吸收,禁带宽度随着薄膜厚度的增加而增加.PL谱中各发光峰峰强随着薄膜厚度的增加而减小,表明氧空位及其相关缺陷受到抑制.在β-Ga₂O₃薄膜基础上制备出日盲紫外光电探测器的探测性能(光暗电流比,响应度,探测率,外量子效率)也随薄膜厚度的增加呈先增后减的趋势.厚度约为840 nm的β-Ga₂O₃紫外光电探测器,在5...     

麦草制吸附剂对水体中不同阴离子的吸附性能

采用环氧氯丙烷、乙二胺和三乙胺对麦草秸秆进行化学改性,研究改性麦草秸秆的性能指标并重点考察其对水体中的NO3-,PO43-和Cr2O72-的吸附性能及效果.研究结果表明,改性麦草秸秆引入了带正电荷的胺基基团,可以显著提高对阴离子的吸附性能;改性麦草投加量、pH值、吸附时间和温度对吸附性能影响较大,吸附过程符合伪二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温吸附模式;改性麦草秸秆对NO3-、PO43-(P)和Cr2O72-(Cr)的最大吸附量分别为53.5、62.4和386.2mg·g-1.     

高山红景天多糖抗肺纤维化研究

将高山红景天多糖作用于转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)诱导的A549细胞,观察细胞形态变化,MTT法测定其对细胞增殖的影响,WesternBlotting法及间接免疫荧光法测定细胞中间充质标志物Fibronectin-EDA(Fn-EDA)的表达变化.结果表明:高山红景天多糖可以抑制TGF-β1诱导的A549细胞凋亡;高山红景天多糖促进体外培养的TGF-β1诱导的A549细胞增殖;降低了TGF-β1诱导的A549细胞中Fn-EDA的表达;可以抑制TGF-β1诱导A549细胞向间充质细胞转化.研究结果显示高山红景天多糖可以明显改善体外诱导的肺组织细胞纤维化状态.