等离子体激发和辐射温度瞬态光谱测试方法

对等离子体温度的测量能间接诊断瞬态物理场的瞬时温度变化.使用望远光学系统对准等离子体并收集其光谱.光栅分光系统高精度地(△λ<0.1 nm)分离提取出测最所需的等离子体四通道特征光谱信号.光纤将光谱信号导入高灵敏度、快速响应的光电倍增管(PMTs,采集时间小于1 μs),达到瞬态测试的要求.用四通道数据拟合Boltzmann直线提高了计算激发温度的精度(优于2%),同时从黑体辐射理论推导出等离子体辐射温度的计算模型.只需用一次测量得到的光强就可以同时得到等离子体的激发温度和辐射温度.利用标准温度灯对系统的光谱响应系数进行了标定,通过实验表明系统测温的精度优于3%.     

基于内拼接法的宽视场成像光谱仪研制

为了增大成像光谱仪的视场,提高遥感成像的作业效率,开展了内拼接宽视场成像光谱仪的设计和研制。针对推扫成像方式,分析了基于内拼接法的宽视场成像光谱仪的组成。利用两台Offner凸面光栅分光系统进行拼接,研制了原理样机。在实验室中对原理样机的像元对准误差、光谱分辨率和调制传递函数进行测试并进行了室外成像实验。测试结果表明原理样机光谱维像元对准误差约为0.15个像元（波长为479 nm）,交轨方向和顺轨方向空间维像元对准误差分别为0.16个像元和0.19个像元。原理样机的光谱分辨率约为1.6 nm,Nyquist频率处的调制传递函数值约为0.2。通过原理样 机的研制和实验验证了内拼接法增加成像光谱仪视场的有效性。     

Large aperture phase-coded diffractive lens for achromatic and 16° field-of-view imaging with high efficiency

Diffractive lenses (DLs) can realize high-resolution imaging with light weight and compact size. Conventional DLs suffer large chromatic and off-axis aberrations, which significantly limits their practical applications. Although many achromatic methods have been proposed, most of them are used for designing small aperture DLs, which have low diffraction efficiencies. In the designing of diffractive achromatic lenses, increasing the aperture and improving the diffraction efficiency have become two of the most important design issues. Here, a novel phase-coded diffractive lens (PCDL) for achromatic imaging with a large aperture and high efficiency is proposed and demonstrated experimentally, and it also possesses wide field-of-view (FOV) imaging at the same time. The phase distribution of the conventional phase-type diffractive lens (DL) is coded with a cubic function to expand both the working bandwidth and the FOV of conventional DL. The proposed phase-type DL is fabricated by using the laser direct writing of grey-scale patterns for a PCDL of a diameter of 10 mm, a focal length of 100 mm, and a cubic phase coding parameter of 30π. Experimental results show that the working bandwidth and the FOV of the PCDL respectively reach 50 nm and 16° with over 8% focusing efficiency, which are in significant contrast to the counterparts of conventional DL and in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. This work provides a novel way for implementing the achromatic, wide FOV, and high-efficiency imaging with large aperture DL.