无工质微波推力器推力测量实验

基于经典的电磁学理论, 本文建立了一套新概念空间推进装置-----无工质微波推力器系统, 这套装置可以直接把微波辐射能转换为推力而不需要任何推进介质. 与传统的空间推进装置不同, 该系统可以避免携带庞大的推进剂储箱并消除羽流对航天飞行器的污染. 该系统由集成在一起的圆台微波谐振腔、 微波源和负载组成, 其中微波源产生的微波辐射能被输入到圆台微波谐振腔内并形成纯驻波与电磁压强梯度, 从而沿圆台微波谐振腔轴线方向形成净推力. 本文根据随遇平衡原理, 通过克服推力器本身的自重和刚性阻力, 成功地测量出无工质微波推力器产生的净推力. 结果表明: 基于经典电磁学理论建立的无工质微波推进系统可以产生净推力; 当微波源输出2.45 GHz, 80---2500 W的微波功率时, 推力器产生的推力分布在70---720 mN范围内, 测量总误差小于12%.     

Prediction and experimental measurement of the electromagnetic thrust generated by a microwave thruster system

A microwave thruster system that can convert microwave power directly to thrust without a gas propellant is developed. In the system, a cylindrical tapered resonance cavity and a magnetron microwave source are used respectively as the thruster cavity and the energy source to generate the electromagnetic wave. The wave is radiated into and then reflected from the cavity to form a pure standing wave with non-uniform electromagnetic pressure distribution. Consequently, a net electromagnetic thrust exerted on the axis of the thruster cavity appears, which is demonstrated through theoretical calculation based on the electromagnetic theory. The net electromagnetic thrust is also experimentally measured in the range from 70 mN to 720 mN when the microwave output power is from 80 W to 2500 W.