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The electronic structures for three types of PbW04 (PWO) crystals, the perfect PWO, the PWO containing lead vacancy (PWO-Vpb) and fluorine doped PWO crystal (F^-:PWO), are systematically studied within the framework of density functional theory. The computational results show that the Pb 6s state situates below the valence band so that Pb^2 ions are unable to trap holes forming Pb^3 or Pb^4 to compensate for VPb^2-. The hole-trappers in PWO-Vpb are O^2- ions. Two of the longer-bond O^2- ions share a hole forming O2^3-, and four of the longer-bond oxygen ions trap two holes forming an associated color centre [O2^3--Vpb-O2^3-], which may be the origin of the 42Onto absorption band. It is also concluded that the doping of F^- would reduce the band gap and F^- ions substituting for O^2- can effectively restrict the formation of [O2^3--Vpb-O2^3-] and weaken the 42Onm absorption band and hence enhance the scintillation property of PWO. 相似文献
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本文用在位X-射线衍射技术研究了PAN(聚丙烯腈)纤维的预氧化过程。由广角测得不同温度下试样随热解时间而变化的一系列的解析谱图中计算出样品的结晶度、微晶尺寸、晶面间距和芳构化指数,并对这些参数随实验条件变化的瞬间情况给予了解释。同时,还描述了PAN纤维在预氧化过程中的环化动力学行为。求解了各温度下的环化反应速率和活化参数。 相似文献
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第二次世界大战后,核技术得到了飞速的发展井逐步应用到其它领域.背散射分析法便是一例.它的理论基础是本世纪初即已发现的卢瑟福弹性散射规律.而它能成为一种实用的分析方法,则是与小型离子加速器、固体核探测器、核电子仪器的发展以及核物理数据的大量积累有关. 背散射分析是 相似文献
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Equation (6) in Chin. Phys. 09 0833 (2000) is corrected. All subsequent derivations were given based on the correct Eq. (6), so the conclusions in the paper are not affected by the errata. 相似文献
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采用XRD及Rietveld粉末衍射峰形拟合方法对氧化锆的晶体结构及其相变进行了研究 .当掺杂CeO2 和Y2 O3后 ,氧化锆的晶体结构发生了由单斜向四方的转变 .四方氧化锆的空间群为P42 /nmc ,Z =2 ,对于CeO2 ,Y2 O3稳定的ZrO2 其晶格常数分别为a =0 .3 62 6( 5 )nm ,c =0 .5 2 2 6( 3 )nm及a =0 .3 60 2 ( 8)nm ,c =0 .5 179( 1)nm ,单胞中阳离子Zr4+ ,M (M =Ce4+ ,Y3+ )和阴离子O2 - 分别占据空间群的 2b和 4d晶位 ,还从晶体学角度讨论了立方、四方、单斜 3种不同结构的氧化锆之间的相互转换关系 . 相似文献
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