Determination of 14 whitening active components in cosmetics by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometryEI北大核心CSCD

A method based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/ MS) was developed for the analysis of 14 whitening active components in oilycosmetics. The 14 whitening active components were extracted from cosmetics by supersonic extraction with 20 mmol / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, purified by HLB solid phase extraction column and filtered with 0. 22 μm filter membrane. Shim-pack GIST C18 AQ chromatographic column was used for the separation of the whitening active components. Methanol-0. 1% formic acid solution(containing 5 mmol / L ammonium acetate)was employed as mobile phase for gradient elution, and the analytes were detected by electrospray ionization source with positive and negative ion alternate scanning mode and multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM). The results showed that an effective separation was achieved within 10 min under the optimized conditions, 14 whitening active components exhibited good linear relationships in the respective linear range with the correlation coefficient more than 0. 999. The limits of detection were in the range of 0. 15-2. 5 mg / kg, and the limits of quantitation were in the range of 0. 5-7. 5 mg / kg. The recoveries were from 70% to 117%, and the relative standard deviations were between 0. 2% and 12% . © 2022, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

超声相控阵在多层媒质中的声场模式优化

针对超声在多层媒质中的传播特性,引入相位补偿因子并结合遗传算法, 提出了一种可对多层媒质进行声聚焦控制的方法.利用该方法对16×16二维超声相控阵在多层生物媒质中的多焦点声场模式进行了仿真,计算了生物媒质不同厚度层和不同吸收系数时的声场. 结果表明:该方法能优化多焦点声场模式,抑制旁瓣,提高声场增益,将声强最大限度地聚焦在目标区域内; 改变生物组织不同层的厚度和不同层的吸收系数,焦点位置不发生变化,但焦域内的声强会有所变化.     

基于变分模态分解与多尺度排列熵的生物组织变性识别

根据高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)治疗中超声散射回波信号的特点,本文利用变分模态分解(VMD)与多尺度排列熵(MPE)对生物组织变性识别进行了研究.首先对生物组织中的超声散射回波信号进行变分模态分解,根据各阶模态的功率谱信息熵值分离出噪声分量和有用分量;对分离出的有用信号进行重构并提取其多尺度排列熵;然后通过Gustafson-Kessel (GK)模糊聚类确定聚类中心,采用欧氏贴近度与择近原则对生物组织进行变性识别.将所提方法应用于HIFU治疗中超声散射回波信号实验数据,用遗传算法对多尺度排列熵的参数优化后,对293例未变性组织和变性组织的超声散射回波信号数据进行了多尺度排列熵分析,发现变性组织的超声散射回波信号的多尺度排列熵值要高于未变性组织;多尺度排列熵可以较好地识别生物组织是否变性.相对于EMD-MPE-GK模糊聚类以及VMD-小波熵(WE)-GK模糊聚类变性识别方法,本文所提方法中变性与未变性组织特征交叠区域数据点更少,聚类效果和分类性能更好;本实验环境下生物组织变性识别结果表明,该方法的识别率更高,高达93.81%.     

Influence of dynamic tissue properties on temperature elevation and lesions during HIFU scanning therapy:Numerical simulation

When large tumors are treated,ablation of the entire volume of tumors requires multiple treatment spots formed by high intensity-focused ultrasound(HIFU)scanning therapy.The heating effect of HIFU on biological tissue is mainly reflected in temperature elevation and tissue lesions.Tissue property parameters vary with temperature and,in turn,the distribution of temperature as well as the heating effects change accordingly.In this study,an HIFU scanning therapy model considering dynamic tissue properties is provided.The acoustic fields and temperature fields are solved combining the Helmholtz wave equation with Pennes bio-heat transfer equation based on the finite element method(FEM)to investigate the effects of various tissue properties(i.e.,the attenuation coefficient,acoustic velocity,thermal conductivity,specific heat capacity,density,and blood perfusion rate)on heating performance.Comparisons of the temperature distribution and thermal lesions under static and dynamic properties are made based on the data of tissue property parameters varying with temperature.The results show that the dynamic changes of thermal conductivity,specific heat capacity,and acoustic velocity may account for the decrease of temperature elevation in HIFU treatment,while the dynamic changes of attenuation coefficient,density,and blood perfusion rate aggravate the increase of temperature on treatment spots.Compared with other properties,the dynamic change of attenuation coefficient has a greater impact on tissue temperature elevation.During HIFU scanning therapy,the temperature elevation and tissue lesions of the first treatment spot are smaller than those of the subsequent treatment spots,but the temperature on the last treatment spot drops faster during the cooling period.The ellipsoidal tissue lesion is not symmetrical;specifically,the part facing toward the previous treatment spot tends to be larger.Under the condition of the same doses,the temperature elevation and the size of tissue lesions under dynamic properties present significant growth in comparison to static properties.Besides,the tissue lesion begins to form earlier with a more unsymmetrical shape and is connected to the tissue lesion around the previous treatment spot.As a result,lesions around all the treatment spots are connected with each other to form a closed lesion region.The findings in this study reveal the influence of dynamic tissue properties on temperature elevation and lesions during HIFU scanning therapy,providing useful support for the optimization of treatment programs to guarantee higher efficacy and safety.