Ho3+:LiYF4晶体的中红外发光特性

用坩埚下降法制备了Ho3+离子掺杂的LiYF4单晶。测定了Ho3+:LiYF4晶体的偏振吸收光谱。应用Judd-Ofelt理论分别计算了Ho3+:LiYF4晶体中Ho3+离子的有效强度参数Ω2,4,6、能级跃迁振子强度fexp和fcal、自发辐射跃迁几率A、荧光分支比β、辐射寿命τrad等光谱参数。测定了样品在640 nm光激发下的红外发射光谱,观测到由Ho3+离子的5I6→5I7跃迁所致的2.8～3μm中红外发光,以及在1.2μm(5I6→5I8)和2.0μm(5I7→5I8)处较强的荧光。Ho3+:LiYF4单晶样品的吸收峰线宽较宽,计算得到1.2μm和2.0μm的峰值发射截面分别达到0.20×10-20cm2和0.51×10-20cm2,同时测定了1 191 nm(5I6→5I8)和2 059 nm(5I7→5I8)发射的荧光寿命。研究结果表明:Ho3+:LiYF4晶体在2.0～3μm波段的中红外激光器中有较大的应用前景。     

Growth and optical properties of Cr~（3＋）-doped CdWO_4 single crystals

A high-quality Cr 3+:CdWO4 single crystal at a size of approximatelyΦ25×80 mm is grown using the Bridgman method with CdO,WO3,and Cr2O3 as raw materials and their molar ratio of 100:100:0.5.The temperature gradient of solid-liquid interface at growth is approximately 50?C/cm and the growth rate is 0.05 mm/h.The X-ray diffraction(XRD),absorption,excitation,and emission spectra of different parts of the as-grown and O2-annealed crystals are investigated.Two strong broad optical absorption bands of about 472 and 708 nm are observed,and they are associated with the transitions 4 A2→ 4 T1 and 4 A2→ 4 T2.The weak 4 T2→ 2 E transition(the R-line)at 632 nm is also observed.The crystal-field parameter Dq and the Racah parameters B and C are estimated to be 1 412.4,776.8,and 3 427.6 cm? 1,respectively,according to the absorption spectra and crystal-splitting theory.A broadband fluorescence at about 1 000 nm due to 4 T2→ 4 A2 transition is produced by exciting the samples at 675 nm.After being annealed in an O2 atmosphere,the crystals become more transparent,while the effective light absorption of Cr 3+ ions is evidently enhanced and the emission intensity is also strengthened due to the reduction of oxygen vacancies in the CdWO4 crystal after annealing.     

坩锅下降法生长Nd3+∶LiYF4单晶及其光谱性能研究

以LiF∶ YF3∶NdF3=51.5∶47.5∶1为原料摩尔比,在50～60℃/cm固液界面温度梯度下,采用密封的坩埚下降法制备了尺寸为φ10 mm×50 mm的高质量Nd3+掺杂LiYF4单晶,并对产物的物相结构和光谱性能进行表征.结果表明,Nd3+在807 nm处的最大吸收系数α=1.96 cm-1,吸收跃迁截面为0.973 × 10-20 cm2.在808 nm LD激发下,测定了样品的荧光光谱和及最强荧光峰1050 nm(4F3/2→4I11/2)的荧光寿命(～451.0μs),并计算得到1050nm的最大受激发射跃迁截面为1.60×10-19 cm2.     

Tm3+掺杂CdWO4单晶的发光特性

用坩埚下降法生长获得了尺寸为φ25 mm×90 mm、Tm₂O₃初始掺杂摩尔分数为0.5%的CdWO₄单晶。晶体的颜色由上部血红色逐渐加深至下部的黑褐色。对不同部位的晶体薄片进行800 ℃的氧化处理,测定了处理前后不同部位的吸收光谱和FTIR红外光谱。经氧气退火处理后,由于氧空位缺陷减少,晶体的颜色明显变淡。在吸收光谱中观测到421,684,805 nm的吸收带。其中421 nm的吸收峰随退火温度的升高而逐步减弱,经800 ℃处理后基本消失。在808 nm激光二极管激发下,观察到中心波长为1.5 μm和1.8 μm的荧光发射,分别对应于Tm³⁺的³H₄→³F₄,³F₄→³H₆的能级跃迁。     

SnSe热电半导体晶体生长技术创新进展

SnSe晶体是一种新型低成本环境友好型热电半导体材料,近几年已成为国内外研究的热点.为了获得SnSe晶体,目前国际上主要采用垂直布里奇曼法和垂直梯度凝固法两种技术进行生长.然而该材料因具有独特的层状结构和复杂热膨胀特征,其在晶体生长过程中极易发生解理开裂,导致难以获得大尺寸晶体.为了解决高完整SnSe晶体制备难题,本团队在材料体系相图及热重分析指导下,近年来先后开发出了气相法、水平熔体法以及水平液封法等多种晶体制备技术,均成功获得了较大尺寸的SnSe晶体材料.本论文从工艺原理、技术要点、晶体生长结果等多方面对相关技术创新情况予以介绍,并将它们的优缺点进行了对比.综合评价认为水平液封法在获取高完整SnSe晶体及性能调控方面具有显著优势,未来将逐渐成为一种广受欢迎的技术.     

Fluorescence properties of divalent and trivalent europium ions in CdWO4 single crystals grown by the Bridgman method

Optical absorption,excitation,and fluorescence were investigated in Eu ion-doped CdWO4 single crystal grown by a modified Bridgman method.The results indicate that Eu2+ and Eu3+ ions coexist in CdWO4 crystal and an energy transfer occurs between these Eu2+ and Eu3+ ions.When the crystal is excited by 266-nm light,the energy corresponding to the 4f65d to 8S7/2 transition of Eu2+ ions results in the excitation of the Eu3+ ions to the 5DJ level.The effect on fluorescence of annealing in oxygen at various temperatures was investigated.The excitation intensity of Eu2+ ions at 266 nm decreases as annealing temperature increases from 300 K to 1073 K,but it remains at a certain equilibrium level when the annealing temperature is further increased.