Microwave Induced Ultralong-Range Charge Migration in a Rydberg Atom

A microwave induced superposition of the 40S_1/2 and 40P_1/2 states of a Cs atom has been investigated in detail.Ultralong-range charge migration which spans a region more than 200 nm has been discovered. As far as we know, this is the first time to discover charge migration in such a long range. This leads to a large dipole moment which oscillates periodically. The present discovery may stimulate new applications such as quantum simulation of many body physics dominated by p...     

基于NICE-OHMS技术进行大气压气样直接检测的理论分析

噪声免疫腔增强光外差分子光谱技术(NICE-OHMS)是目前世界上最灵敏的激光吸收光谱技术,其在低压环境中具有极高的探测灵敏度。然而当测量样品处于大气压时,NICE-OHMS系统的探测灵敏度会大幅下降。主要原因之一是大气压下获取最大NICE-OHMS信号幅度的条件与低气压下不同。通过对大气压NICE-OHMS理论进行分析,分析了影响信号幅度的参数,并通过数值模拟来寻找最佳的实验条件。本文着重讨论影响信号的主要参数包括光学腔腔长L,调制系数β,探测相位θ。其中,由于在NICE-OHMS中使用DeVoe-Brewer技术将调制频率ν_m锁定到Fabry-Parot(FP)腔的自由光谱区(FSR)。因此FP腔的腔长决定了ν_m,同时还作用于信号幅度S■。模拟结果显示,当腔长增大时,由于ν_m随之减小,载波和边带的光谱成分相互重叠部分增大,因此线型函数的幅度逐渐减小。而吸收信号幅度随着腔长的增加而逐渐增加,色散信号幅度先增大后减小,并且在腔长等于8 cm时达到最大值。调制系数β会影响频率调制后激光载波和边带的幅度大小,并且影响信号线型。随着腔长的增加,最大信号幅度对应的β值也随之增加。在相同腔长下,色散信号的最佳β值小于吸收信号,更容易使用电光调制器实现。最后分析了参数的可实现性,分析了不同种类激光器的频率调谐能力,压电陶瓷的扫描宽度等。以乙炔气体为例,大气压下NICE-OHMS的谱线半宽达到~3 GHz,而光谱覆盖范围大于10 GHz。分布反馈式半导体激光器(DFB)与外腔二极管激光器(ECDL)的频率调谐范围可以达到30 GHz以上,但是由于激光线宽宽,得到的PDH锁定性能欠佳。回音壁模式激光器(WGM)和掺饵光纤激光器(EDFL)线宽为百Hz量级,是目前高灵敏NICE-OHMS系统中常用的光源。但是WGM目前可以实现了5 GHz的激光频率调谐范围,而EDFL的外部电压可控制的调谐范围仅为3 GHz。使用精细度为55000的腔进行模拟,调制系数β=1,腔长大于8 cm时,可使用WGM激光器实现,腔长大于25 cm时,可以使用EDFL激光器实现。而对于在设计光学腔中常用的伸缩长度为25μm的PZT,随着腔长的增加,对应的腔模频移范围逐渐减小,在腔长为典型的40 cm时,扫描范围大于12 GHz。     

超冷铯分子0u+(6P3/2)长程态的高灵敏光缔合光谱研究

利用发展的调制俘获损耗荧光光谱技术实验测量了超冷铯分子0_u⁺(6P_3/2)长程态的高灵敏光缔合光谱. 光谱探测范围较国际已有报道扩大了60 cm^-1, 观察到25个长程区域新的振动能级. 通过LeRoy-Bernstein公式对振动束缚能数据进行拟合, 获得了超冷铯分子0_u⁺(6P_3/2)态的长程系数C₃ 为16.103±0.010. 构建了超冷铯分子0_u⁺(6P_3/2)态长程区域的势能曲线.     

Photon counts modulation in optical time domain reflectometry

The quantum fluctuation of photon counting limits the field application of optical time domain reflection. A method of photon counts modulation optics time domain reflection with single photon detection at 1.55 μm is presented. The influence of quantum fluctuation can be effectively controlled by demodulation technology since quantum fluctuation shows a uniform distribution in the frequency domain. Combined with the changing of the integration time of the lock-in amplifier, the signal to noise ratio is significantly enhanced. Accordingly the signal to noise improvement ratio reaches 31.7 dB compared with the direct photon counting measurement.     

Photoassociation spectra of ultracold ~(85)Rb_2 molecule in 0_u~+ long range state near the 5S_(1/2)+ 5P_(1/2) asymptote

We investigate the high resolution photoassociation spectra of ~(85)Rb_2 molecules in 0~+_u long range state below the(5S_(1/2)+ 5P_(1/2)) asymptote. The ~(85)Rb atomic samples are trapped in a dark magneto–optical trap(MOT) and prepared in the dark state. With the help of trap loss technique, we obtain considerable photoassociation spectroscopy with rovibrational resolution, some of which have never been observed before. The observed spectrum is fitted by a rigid rotation model, and the rotational constants of ultracold ~(85)Rb_2 molecule in long range 0~+_u are obtained for different vibrational states. By applying the Le Roy–Bernstein method, we assign the vibrational quantum numbers and derive C_3 coefficient, which is used to obtain the potential energy curve.     

基于噪声免疫腔增强光外差分子光谱技术实现光纤激光器到1530.58 nmNH_3亚多普勒饱和光谱的频率锁定

噪声免疫腔增强光外差分子光谱技术(NICE-OHMS)由于结合了频率调制光谱与腔增强光谱两种技术,不仅可以将激光耦合到高精细度谐振腔大幅提高腔内功率,还可以实现低气压样品气体的高灵敏测量,因此基于该技术可以实现分子吸收线的饱和,获得亚多普勒光谱,从而能作为激光频率锁定的参考.本文基于光纤激光器的NICE-OHMS技术,将光纤激光器频率锁定到NH3的亚多普勒吸收线上.首先分析了基于Pound-Drever-Hall和DeVoe-Brewer技术实现激光到腔模和调制频率到腔自由光谱区频率锁定的性能,之后在腔内气压为70 mTorr条件下,测量了半高全宽为2.05 MHz的NH3亚多普勒信号,最后将1.53μm的光纤激光器频率锁定到该亚多普勒吸收线上,相对频率偏差为16.3 kHz,阿伦方差结果显示,136 s积分时间下频率稳定度达到1.6×10~(-12).     

Measurement of Zeeman Shift of Cesium Atoms Using an Optical Nanofiber

Nanofibers have many promising applications because of their advantages of high power density and ultralow saturated light intensity. We present here a Zeeman shift of the Doppler-broadened cesium D2 transition using a tapered optical nanofiber in the presence of a magnetic field. When a weak magnetic field is parallel to the propagating light in the nanofiber, the Zeeman shift rates for different circularly polarized spectra are observed.For the +component, the typical linear Zeeman shift rates of = 3 and = 4 ground-state cesium atoms are measured to be 3.10(±0.19) MHz/G and 3.91(±0.16) MHz/G. For the -component, the values are measured to be-2.81(±0.25) MHz/G, and-0.78(±0.28) MHz/G. The Zeeman shift using the tapered nanofiber can help to develop magnetometers to measure the magnetic field at the narrow local region and the dispersive signal to lock laser frequency.     

Experimental Study on Double Resonance Optical Pumping Spectroscopy in a Ladder-Type System of ~(87)Rb Atoms

Double resonance optical pumping spectroscopy has an outstanding advantage of high signal-to-noise ratio, thus having potential applications in precision measurement. With the counter propagated 780 nm and 776 nm laser beams acting on a rubidium vapor cell, the high resolution spectrum of 5S_(1/2)-5P_(3/2)-5D_(5/2) ladder-type transition of ~(87)Rb atoms is obtained by monitoring the population of the 5S_(1/2) ground state. The dependence of the spectroscopy lineshape on the probe and coupling fields are comprehensively studied in theory and experiment.This research is helpful for measurement of fundamental physical constants by high resolution spectroscopy.     

Observation of four-wave mixing in caesium atoms using a noncycling transition

In this paper the generation of four-wave mixing (FWM) signal using a noncycling transition of caesium atoms is investigated when the pumping laser is locked to the transition $6{\rm S}_{1/2}F=4\to6{\rm P}_{3/2}F'=4$, and meanwhile the probe frequency is scanned across the $6{\rm S}_{1/2}F=4 \to6{\rm P}_{3/2}$ transition. The efficiency of the four-wave mixing signal as a function of the intensity of the pumping beams and the detuning of the pumping beams is also studied. In order to increase the detection efficiency, a repumping laser which is resonant with $6{\rm S}_{1/2} F=3\to 6{\rm P}_{3/2}F'=4$ transition is used. A theoretical model is also introduced, and the theoretical results are in qualitative agreement with experimental ones.     

Electromagnetically—induced transparency in a multi—V—type system in cesium atomic vapour

Electromagnetically-induced transparency is observed in a three-level multi-V-type system in cesium vapour at room temperature.The absorption property is measured and the hyperfine structures of atomic states can be datermined.The results of the experiment agree with the theoretical analysis.