Research on lenses assemble precision in complicate laser amplification system

In a certain amplification system, signal laser can be amplified from 1 nJ to 5 J. To realize a high quality imaging transfer, meet beam diameter expansion requirement, and get good filtering effects, three spatial filters are designed and assembled. Lenses in these spatial filters can be assembled and adjusted by their reflection spots to meet wave-front requirements. In this letter, we analyze precision of the assembling, and make a ray-tracing simulation to discuss the relation between assembling precision and lenses parameters. On the optimized distance of 1000 mm, adjusting precision of lens tilt can reach 5 mrad.     

多元素LIBS分析的标准化交叉验证及其优化

交叉验证是用于验证模型性能的一种统计分析方法,可避免由训练集与测试集重合引起的过拟合。进行交叉验证时通常使用交叉验证均方根误差(RMSECV)的均值来表征多元素的分析准确度。但对于激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)用于多元素分析的情况,发现各元素的RMSECV与其在样品中的浓度范围可近似用线性关系表述,由于不同元素在样品集中的浓度范围差异很大,不同元素之间的RMSECV差异较大,实验中C与Cr在样品集中的浓度范围差异为28.11倍,其RMSECV差异达到8.96倍。发现RMSECV均值对于个别元素过于灵敏,在数据优化过程中,可能导致其不能反映大多数元素的分析准确度变化趋势。为减小RMSECV均值对不同元素的灵敏度差异,更全面地表征多元素的分析准确度,提出了多元素的RMSECV标准化方法,即将各元素的RMSECV与该元素在样品集中的浓度范围相除,并引入标准化交叉验证均方根误差(SRMSECV)的概念。LIBS检测受测量条件波动(如激光脉冲能量、振动等)等不确定因素的影响,会引入异常光谱,并对分析准确度产生负面影响。为通过滤除异常光谱来提高多元素分析准确度,利用光谱面积筛选对光谱数据进行预处理,以同一样品下各张光谱的面积中位数为中心,选定某一光谱面积区间,舍弃该区间之外的光谱,并使用余下光谱用作定量分析。在此基础上,通过对0.5 Pa真空环境下的10块Ni基合金中的14种元素成分进行的多谱线内标法定量分析展开实验验证。标准化后各元素RMSECV的相对标准差(RSD)由68.7%减小至48.9%,元素间的RMSECV的最大差异由8.96倍降低至3.93倍,表明SRMSECV均值能够较全面表征多元素的分析准确度,从而有利于实现定标曲线的全自动优化。在优化面积筛选跨度下,各元素定标模型的决定系数(R2)均值与SRMSECV均值都得到一定程度的改善,证明光谱面积筛选对于提高多元素分析准确度的价值。     

Generation of concentric multi-ring laser beam pattern with different intensity distribution

A method to shape the incident laser beam into a concentric multi-ring pattern with different intensity distribution is presented based on geometrical transform method and energy conservation. The output two and three rings are designed as examples to verify the validity of the method. The real shaped rings are produced by the spatial light modulation （SLM） and the experimental results show that the shaped laser beam can satisfy the design requirements.