基于SVM和LS-SVM的住宅工程造价预测研究

为在方案设计初期与工程造价相关信息很少的条件下,准确快速地预测住宅工程造价,在分析既往相关理论和方法优劣的基础上,选取支持向量机构建住宅工程造价预测模型,并通过主成分分析对原始数据进行降噪处理.选取住宅工程造价预测指标集与样本,对输入指标的数据进行主成分分析,消除指标相关性的同时对原始数据降维,将处理后的数据分别导入到"标准支持向量机"和"最小二乘支持向量机"模型中进行训练和预测,并对预测结果进行对比分析,选取较为合理的预测模型,通过参数寻优进一步优化预测效果.所构建预测模型的相对误差均控制在±7%以内,预测精度较高,结果稳定.     

First-principles study of structural,elastic, and thermodynamic properties of ZrHf alloy

Structural parameters, elastic constants, and thermodynamic properties of ordered and disordered solid solutions of Zr Hf alloys are investigated through first-principles calculations based on density-functional theory(DFT). The special quasi-random structure(SQS) method is used to model the disordered phase as a single unit cell, and two lamella structures are generated to model the ordered alloys. Small strains are applied to the unit cells to measure the elastic behavior and mechanical stability of Zr Hf alloys and to obtain the independent elastic constants by the stress–strain relationship. Phonon dispersions and phonon density of states are presented to verify the thermodynamic stability of the considered phases. Our results show that both the ordered and disordered phases of Zr Hf alloys are structurally stable. Based on the obtained phonon frequencies, thermodynamic properties, including Gibbs free energy, entropy, and heat capacity, are predicted within the quasi-harmonic approximation. It is verified that there are no obvious differences in energy between ordered and disordered phases over a wide temperature range.     

铜钨合金高温高压性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,研究了三种不同比例铜钨合金(Cu3W,Cu W,Cu W3)的基态及高温、高压下的电子结构、弹性性质和热力学性质.弹性常数计算结果表明Cu3W为结构不稳定相,Cu W和Cu W3为结构稳定相,与声子色散曲线得到的结论一致.通过对态密度的分析,发现随压强的增大,金属键键能增大,并且态密度有向深能级移动的趋势.通过准简谐德拜模型和准简谐近似模型分别计算、分析和对比了三种铜钨合金在不同温度和压强下的体弹模量、热膨胀系数、德拜温度和比热容.