瓣形均匀带电面在其直径处的电势分布

从点电荷的电势计算公式出发推导出了瓣形均匀带电面在其直径处的电势分布.进一步讨论了均匀带电半球面在其底面以及均匀带电球面内部和外部的电势分布.     

物理实验数据处理中的一些问题的探讨

针对当前大学物理实验教学中关于数据处理的一些问题进行了探讨。提出了测量值与测量结果这两个词的不同。对于有效数字位数的保留进行了系统性的分析。指出了数据修约中所存在的一些不恰当之处。认为实验教学中宜考虑测量次数对实验结果的影响。简述了置信概率、概率型式、标准不确定度及扩展不确定度等问题的相互联系。     

应用超声光栅测量变压器油中超声波速度

近几十年来,由于压电换能原件效率的提高和低噪声的集成元件放大器的应用,超声波传感器在变压器的在线监测及局部放电检测中得到广泛的应用．准确测量变压器油中超声波的传播速度,对变压器局部放电检测研究具有非常重要的意义．根据超声波在液体中传播时能够形成超声光栅的特点,介绍了一种应用分光计精确测量变压器油中超声波速度的方法．实验测得29．3℃时变压器油中超声波速度为1432m／s,与超声手册中标准值符合得很好,相对误差仅为0．5％．该方法有助于提高变压器在线监测及局部放电检测的精确度．     

Induced current of high temperature superconducting loops by combination of exciting coil and thermal switch

With its commercialization, the second-generation (2G) high temperature superconducting (HTS) RE—Ba—Cu—O (REBCO, RE is rare earth) tape is extensively applied to the superconducting magnets in the high magnetic fields. However, unlike low temperature superconducting (LTS) magnets, the HTS magnet cannot operate in the persistent current mode (PCM) due to the immature superconducting soldering technique. In this paper, an exciting method for two HTS sub-loops, so-called charging and load loops, is proposed by flux pump consisting of exciting coil and controllable thermal switch. Two HTS sub-loops are made of an REBCO tape with two slits. An exciting coil with iron core is located in one sub-loop and is supplied with a triangular waveform current so that magnetic field is generated in another sub-loop. The influence of magnetic flux on induced current in load loop is presented and verified in experiment at 77 K. The relationship between the induced magnetic flux density and the current on the sub-loops having been calibrated, magnetic flux density, and induced current are obtained. The results show that the HTS sub-loops can be excited by a coil with thermal switch and the induced current increases with magnetic flux of exciting coil increasing, which is promising for persistent current operation mode of HTS magnets.     

AC Alternating-Current Loss Analyses of a Thin High-Temperature Superconducting Tube Carrying AC Transport Current in AC External Magnetic Field

Numerical simulations on the AC loss characteristics in a thin high-temperature superconducting （HTS） tube are presented. Geometry of the HTS conductor is modeled as a tube with negligible thickness, and assumed to carry a transport current with the same phase as an AC externally applied magnetic field perpendicular to the axis. Based on the classical theory of AC loss with the Bean critical current model, the distribution of critical current density jc and AC loss Q are obtained by means of numerical analysis. The results are in very good agreement with experiments. A double-peak profile is observed in the curve of the critical current density distribution along the azimuth angle. This numerical simulation method is suitable for a thin HTS tube, which may be applicable on a thin tube configuration consisting of coated superconductors.     

Analysis of the Self-Protection Characteristics of a 1.5T Bitter-Like HTS Magnet Operated at 65K

We present a conceptual configuration of a high-temperature superconducting(HTS)magnet made from REBCO(Re=Rare Earth,B=Barium,C=Copper,O=Oxide)annular plates,called a Bitter-like HTS magnet,which can operate in persistent current mode without joint resistance and can be excited by a flux pump and without current leads and a persistent power supply.An REBCO annular magnet which can generate 1.5 T corresponding to the operating current density 80%of critical current density of the magnet at an operating temperature of65 K is conceptually designed.Then the thermal stability of the magnet is numerically simulated by Comsol software.Whein a piece of RBCO annular plate quenches,the maximum released energy is its stored energy because each REBCO annular plate in the Bitter-like magnet is in parallel.To calculate the stored energy in the REBCO annular plate,the inductance of every annular plate,including self-inductance and mutual inductance,is calculated.Compared with the minimum quench energy(MQE)and stored energy in one REBCO annular plate,the stored energy in one REBCO annular plate is always smaller than the MQE,and the REBCO annular plate will not be damaged even though the stored energy in the REBCO annular plate is fully released,which indicates that this 1.5 T Bitter-like magnet has the property of self-protection.     

超导变压器绕组带材抗短路冲击特性研究

为了研究超导变压器绕组带材的抗短路冲击的能力,制备了四组实验样品,用以模拟超导变压器原、副边绕组的运行环境,实验研究了超导带材并联不锈钢带材的抗短路冲击特性。实验结果表明,超导带材并联不锈钢带材后的抗短路冲击能力有明显的提升,这对超导变压器的研发与制作具有重要的应用参考价值。     

内/外部励磁方式下高温超导环的俘获场特性

高温超导磁体在闭环运行时,可以提供稳定磁场,但是由于高温超导带材无法实现无阻焊接,成为高温超导磁体闭环运行的技术瓶颈.本文利用第二代高温超导带材制备闭环超导环,采用内部励磁和外部励磁对超导环进行励磁,在液氮温度中(77 K)测量超导环的中心俘获磁场.结果表明超导环在内部励磁俘获的磁场值比外部励磁俘获的磁场值高;外部励磁中,超导环中插入铁芯柱能提高俘获场;内部励磁中,超导环在螺线管闭环运行俘获的磁场值比开环运行俘获的磁场值高.结果对于高温超导闭环磁体励磁和高温超导带材磁通动力学研究具有很重要参考价值.     

500 kVA/10 kV高温超导变压器设计及稳态特性研究

设计了一台500 kVA/10 kV单相高温超导变压器,对其在工况下的电磁特性与温度特性进行仿真研究。根据工程经验公式给出超导变压器的铁心规格与绕组结构等重要参数,使用有限元软件建立了超导变压器的二维轴对称仿真模型,基于高温超导体的H方程与传热理论,计算超导变压器正常运行时的磁通密度、温度及交流损耗。仿真结果表明,在超导变压器绕组端部存在较大的径向漏磁通,导致端部线圈损耗较大、温度较高,需采用适当方法减小径向漏磁通。     

交变磁场下超导薄圆筒的交流损耗研究

通过数值模拟方法研究了超导薄圆筒在交变磁场下的交流损耗特性.这种超导体的几何模型为一个通有与外加磁场同相位的交流电且厚度可忽略的圆筒.基于Bean临界态模型,通过数值方法得到了交流损耗Q,与实验结果符合得很好.此值模拟方法仅适用于超导薄圆筒,对涂层超导体具有一定的应用价值.