近红外光谱法快速检测烟草中的石油醚提取物

为适应快速分析烟草中石油醚提取物含量的需要,建立了近红外光谱法预测烟草中石油醚提取物含量的方法,考察了光谱预处理方法、谱区范围对石油醚提取物含量预测值的影响。该方法具有简便、快速、低消耗、低成本、不破坏样品及重现性好等优点,且其预测值与烟草行业标准方法测定值较为接近,适用于大批量烟叶样品石油醚提取物含量的快速分析。     

Boron Group Ions Direct Conversion of Carbon and Methane into Ethylene in DFT Study

In this study, density functional theory calculations reveal how boron group ions M^+(M = B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl) directly convert carbon and methane into ethylene at room temperature. M^+ reacts with the carbon atom to form the cation MC^+. Then, the reaction of MC^+ with methane leads to the cleavage of metal-carbon bond and the formation of CH2CH2 through C-C coupling, with the ion M^+ serving as a leaving group. The cycle then begins again. The mechanism of C/CH4 system catalyzed by five ion types is investigated herein, and the reasons for the different reactivity of five ion types are determined. The moderate strength of the Al^+-C bond results in Al^+ being the only appropriate catalyst of M^+(M?=?B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl) that can catalyze methane and carbon into ethylene.     

Yb:CaYAlO4再生放大器

阿秒科学是驱动超强超快激光往高平均功率和短脉冲宽度方向快速发展的动力之一.本文针对高重复频率阿秒光源的实际需求,开展了基于国产Yb:CaYAlO₄晶体的再生放大理论和实验研究.在理论研究中,根据Yb:CaYAlO₄晶体的热透镜计算结果,设计了热稳定性良好的模式可调再生腔;并对晶体π和σ偏振的放大输出能量和光谱进行计算.在此基础上,开展了Yb:CaYAlO₄晶体不同偏振性质的再生放大实验研究.在晶体π偏振的实验中,获得了平均功率16.1 W、单脉冲能量1.61 mJ、光谱中心波长1030 nm、光谱半高全宽16 nm的放大输出,压缩后的激光脉冲宽度为149 fs,压缩效率为92.1%,峰值功率大于9.5 GW.在σ偏振获得了平均功率28.7 W、单脉冲能量2.87 mJ、光谱中心波长1037 nm、光谱半高全宽11 nm的放大输出,压缩后的激光脉冲宽度为178 fs,压缩效率为91.5%,峰值功率大于14.2 GW,光束质量因子M² <1.2.以上研究结果实现了目前Yb:CaYAlO_4...