New chromaticity compensation approach and dynamic aperture increase in the SSRF storage ring

Strong chromatic sextupoles used to compensate natural chromaticities in the third generation light source storage ring usually reduce dynamic aperture drastically. Many optimization methods can be used to find solutions that provide large dynamic apertures. This paper discusses a new optimization approach of sextupole strengths with step-by-step procedure, which is applied in the SSRF storage ring, and a better solution is obtained. Investigating driving terms generated by the sextupoles in every step can analyze their convergences and guide the weight setting among different terms in object function of the single resonance approach based on the perturbation theory.     

Improved nonlinear optimization in the storage ring of the modern synchrotron radiation light source

In the storage ring of the third generation light sources, nonlinear optimization is an indispensable course in order to obtain ample dynamic acceptances and to reach high injection efficiency and long beam lifetime, especially in a low emittance lattice. An improved optimization algorithm based on the single resonance approach, which takes relative weight and initial Harmonic Sextupole Integral Strength （HSIS） as search variables, is discussed in this paper. Applications of the improved method in several test lattices are presented. Detailed analysis of the storage ring of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility （SSRF） is particularly emphasized. Furthermore, cancellation of the driving terms is investigated to reveal the physical mechanism of the harmonic sextupole compensation. Sensitivity to the weight and the initial HSIS as well as dependence of the optimum solution on the convergent factor is analyzed.     

Studies of closed orbit correction and slow orbit feedback for the SSRF storage ring

Details of the active ways to suppress Closed Orbit Distortion （COD）, including bending magnet sorting and survey and alignment of the magnets, are discussed based on the studies of affections to the COD by the bending magnet field error and the misalignment of quadrupoles. The closed orbit correction and the Slow Orbit Feed Back （SOFB） system for the SSRF storage ring are presented in this paper. With these available methods, better results were obtained during the commissioning period with 3 GeV beam energy.     

Analysis of sextupole effects on β function beating in the SSRF storage ring

In a storage ring, asymmetry of the β function with momentum deviation is the main reason for asymmetry of the dynamic aperture. This paper applies simulation method based on AT code in Matlab to investigate sensitivity of the β function beating and the tune shift to quadrupole field error with the presence of bending field error in the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) storage ring. Sextupole effect on the variation trend is analyzed. Dynamics of the lattice for working points close to and away from the second order structural resonance stop-band are compared. These results show that the β function beating with momentum deviation doesn't lie in the influence of the second order structural resonance stop-bands completely, but it is relevant to lattice structure.     

A design strategy of achievable linear optics for a complex storage ring lattice

A design strategy is discussed in this paper,and it provides much convenience for effectively exploring achievable linear optics and globally investigating the flexibility of a complex lattice with super-periodicity.A matching method of fractional steps,which means separately finding the standard cell setting and the matching cell setting,is adopted to simplify the complexity of the linear beam optics design in the complex lattice.The multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to find most of all the stable linear optics,and reach a target solution after multi-generational propagation,both in the standard cell and the matching cell.A fitting algorithm with gradient information is used to restore the periodicity and symmetry of the lattice,and finely adjust the linear optics for further optimization.This design strategy is applied in the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility（SSRF） storage ring,and the results are presented.     

基于LOCO的上海光源储存环线性光学参数校正

 为了测量和校正线性光学参数,在上海光源储存环调束过程当中使用了基于响应矩阵的线性光学参数分析(LOCO)的方法。介绍了应用LOCO进行计算和校正的过程,包括：数值模拟得到束流位置探测器的测量精度对拟合结果的影响,调整四极铁电源电流强度来校正工作点和beta函数周期性的恢复。测量结果表明,在四极铁强度调整幅度在1.5%以内的情况下,储存环的束流光学参数成功地恢复到和设计值相当接近的状态,beta函数和色散函数畸变小于1%。通过束流光学参数的校正,使得在今后的工作当中可以轻松地控制储存环的工作模式。     

Linear optics calibration and nonlinear optimization during the commissioning of the SSRF storage ring

Phase I commissioning of the SSRF storage ring on 3.0 GeV beam energy was started at the end of December 2007. A lot of encouraging results have been obtained so far. In this paper, calibrations of the linear optics during the commissioning are discussed, and some measured results about the nonlinearity given. Calibration procedure emphasizes correcting quadrupole magnetic coefficients with the Linear Optics from Closed Orbit (LOCO) technique. After fitting the closed orbit response matrix, the linear optics of the four test modes is substantially corrected, and the measured physical parameters agree well with the designed ones.     

Tune optimization of the third generation light source storage ring based on Frequency Map Analysis

Tune optimization is necessary to optimize the nonlinearity of the third generation light source storage ring. In this paper we summarize the common strategies for choosing a tune and discuss tune op- timization. Frequency Map Analysis （FMA） is applied as a tune scanning tool to reveal information about nonlinear resonances and guide the tune optimization. The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility （SSRF） storage ring is taken as a test lattice, and the optimum solutions are presented in this paper. Moreover, the third order regular structural resonances excited by sextupoles are particularly investigated, and it is found that these resonances distort the tune shifts with amplitude and show a stop-band like the linear structural resonances.     

Linear optics calibration and nonlinear optimization during the commissioning of the SSRF storage ring

Phase I commissioning of the SSRF storage ring on 3.0 GeV beam energy was started at the end of December 2007. A lot of encouraging results have been obtained so far. In this paper, calibrations of the linear optics during the commissioning are discussed, and some measured results about the nonlinearity given. Calibration procedure emphasizes correcting quadrupole magnetic coefficients with the Linear Optics from Closed Orbit (LOCO) technique. After fitting the closed orbit response matrix, the linear optics of the four test modes is substantially corrected, and the measured physical parameters agree well with the designed ones.     

DEPU对上海光源储存环的影响与补偿

上海光源储存环安装了一套由两台椭圆极化波荡器组成的插入件（DEPU）,该插入件尤其是其中一台椭圆极化波荡器的积分场误差引起了闭轨畸变、工作点漂移、耦合度变化、动力学孔径减小等多种效应,这些效应对上海光源储存环的正常运行造成了极大影响。采用校正线圈前馈将最大闭轨畸变降低到10 m的水平,采用四极铁强度前馈将工作点漂移控制在0.001左右,采用斜四极铁前馈将耦合度很好地控制在0.1%左右。通过六极铁在线优化解决了动力学孔径退化的问题,将注入效率保持在80%以上。在接近4年的运行中,补偿方案工作表现很好,轨道补偿的前馈还在不断地完善中。