基于CdSe/ZnS量子点薄膜结构的高双折射光子晶体光纤的色散与损耗控制

基于有限元法,设计了一种六边形排列含CdSe/ZnS量子点薄膜结构的高双折射光子晶体光纤,分析了具有不同厚度CdSe/ZnS量子点薄膜光子晶体光纤的色散及损耗特性.结果表明,含CdSe/ZnS量子点薄膜结构的光子晶体光纤在x和y方向均存在基模.当泵浦光波长逐渐增加时,具有相同厚度CdSe/ZnS量子点薄膜光子晶体光纤的双折射值逐渐增大,x和y方向总色散先增大后减小且存在两个零色散点,损耗逐渐增大并在可见光波段趋近于零;具有不同厚度CdSe/ZnS量子点薄膜光子晶体光纤随CdSe/ZnS量子点薄膜厚度的增加,在相同泵浦光波长处,双折射值逐渐减小,x和y方向总色散逐渐减小且两个零色散点逐渐靠近,损耗逐渐增大.通过沉积不同厚度CdSe/ZnS量子点薄膜和选择合适泵浦光波长,可有效控制光子晶体光纤的色散和损耗.     

Optical parametric chirped pulse amplification based on photonic crystal fibre

A compact two-stage optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier based on photonic crystal fibre is demonstrated.A 1064-nm soliton pulse is obtained in a home-made photonic crystal fibre (PCF) with femtosecond pulse pumping and then amplified to 2 mJ in an Nd:YAG regenerative amplifier.After the amplified pulses pass through the LBO crystal,the 532-nm double-frequency light with an energy of 0.8 mJ and a duration of over 100 ps at 10-Hz repetition rate is generated as a pump source in the following two-stage optical parametric amplification (OPA).The 850-nm chirped signal light gain from the stretcher is 1.5×10 4 in the first-stage OPA while it is 120 in the second-stage OPA.The total signal gain of optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) can reach 1.8×10 6.     

Application of two-mode fiber in voltage sensor

A new mode patter's demodulation technique is put forward. Researches of experiment and theory show that the coupling efficiency of two kinds of different fibers depends on the relative offset between the two fibers when the core diameter of the information pick-up fiber is a little smaller than the major semi-axes of the elliptical-core two-mode fiber. Especially, when the relative offsetδ≈1, fusing splice coupling efficiency reaches peak value. Furthermore, based on the new demodulation scheme, the sine voltage signal applied on the piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is obtained and the detection precision of the system is within±0.2% when the voltage changes between 0.1 and 20 V.     

Anti-Stokes Frequency Shift and Evolution in Polarization-Maintaining Photonic Crystal Fiber with Two-Zero Dispersion Wavelengths

Using the tunable pump pulses with about lOO fs pulse duration and 1064 nm central wavelength; the polarization-, wavelength- and power-dependent anti-Stokes lines are generated and modulated simultaneously in a polarization-maintaining photonie crystal fiber （PM-PCF） with two zero-dispersion wavelengths. By accurately controlling the polarization directions, the wavelength and the power of the pump pulse in the fiber anomalous region close to the second zero-dispersion wavelength of the PM-PCF, the output anti-Stokes pulse spectra can be tuned between 563 nm and 603 nm, which is in good agreement with the theoretical simulation. The color conversion of the mode image from yellow to orange is also observed with the different polarization pump pulses. These results can be attributed to the combined interaction between the fiber birefringence （including linear- and nonlinear- birefringence） and dispersion, and are attributed to phase-matching parametric four-wave mixing.     

Central distance of interferential mode patterns of elliptical core two-mode fiber

By means of the weakly guiding approximation, the mode spot sizes Wx and Wy of the fundamental mode along the semimajor （x-direction） and semiminor （y-direction） axes of the fiber core in elliptical core two- mode fiber are discussed. The variation of their ratio value Wx/W9 with the operation wavelength A and the length ratio a/b between the semimajor axis and the semiminor axis of the fiber core is analyzed. Based on this analysis, the distribution figures of two-lobe interferential mode patterns are evaluated and simulated quantitatively for different phase difference changes between LP01 and LP~~n modes. The two-lobe interferential mode patterns have the same profile and distribute symmetrically when the phase difference equals ~r/2. Their central distance S becomes larger when W~：/W~ augments gradually. F~rthermore, the equation about the central distance S of the two-lobe interferential mode patterns is given when the operation wavelength varies between 0.65 and 1.31 #m, which is important to applications shuch as sensors and coupling devices between different fibers.     

船载系泊状态下基于原子重力仪的绝对重力测量

重力场是反映地球质量分布及变化的重要参数,动态重力测量在地质调查、地球物理、资源勘探等领域有着重要应用.目前动态重力测量均基于相对测量原理,动态相对重力仪存在零点漂移问题,影响其测量性能.动态绝对重力仪可以为相对重力仪提供同步同址校准,解决其长漂问题,因此备受关注.本文基于原子重力仪和惯性稳定平台,搭建了一套船载绝对重力动态测量系统,并在船载系泊状态下开展了绝对重力动态测量实验.经评估,船载系泊环境下的重力测量灵敏度为16.6 mGal/Hz^-1/2,1000 s积分时间内重力测量的分辨率可达0.7 mGal.通过两周的绝对重力测量,评估了系统的稳定性.为了评估绝对重力的动态测量精度,将船上测量点与码头高精度绝对重力基准点的绝对重力值进行了比较,两点之间的绝对重力值差及其不确定度评估结果为(–0.072±0.134)mGal.本文结果为海洋相对重力仪的同时同船校准提供了一种新方案.     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波算法的船载绝对重力测量数据处理

基于冷原子干涉仪的高精度绝对重力动态测量为海洋重力测量提供新的手段,因而备受关注.利用自己搭建的船载冷原子干涉式绝对重力测量系统,在中国南海某海域开展了一系列测量实验.在动态条件下,测量噪声的抑制对测量性能的提升至关重要.本文根据船载绝对重力动态测量系统的物理模型,提出了一种基于扩展卡尔曼滤波算法的动态绝对重力数据处理方法,对观测的原子干涉条纹数据进行了时域滤波处理,获得了绝对重力值的最优估计.基于该处理方法将航速小于2.1 km/h条件下的绝对重力测量灵敏度从300.2 mGal/Hz^1/2提升至136.8 mGal/Hz^1/2(T=4 ms).此外,将处理后的数据与利用地球重力模型(XGM2019)计算的数据进行了比对,发现两者符合度较好.这些结果证实了本文提出的数据处理方法的有效性,并为船载冷原子干涉式绝对重力测量系统的测量噪声的抑制提供了一种新的处理方法.     

拉曼激光边带效应对冷原子重力仪测量精度的影响

电光调制技术是产生拉曼光的几种方法之一,其优点是系统简单、易搭建且环境适应性强.然而,这种调制技术会产生额外的边带光,并影响冷原子干涉绝对重力仪的测量精度.本文利用自行研制的可移动冷原子重力仪,研究了边带效应对冷原子重力仪测量精度的影响.详细分析了拉曼反射镜的位置、拉曼脉冲的作用时刻及其间隔、拉曼光的失谐等一系列参数与边带效应之间的关系,实验发现这些参数对冷原子重力仪的精度评估有比较大的影响;此外,我们还发现在有边带效应的情况下,原本不影响重力测量精度的实验参数也会影响最终的重力测量结果.最后,通过研究拉曼边带效应与拉曼光失谐之间的关系,本文提出一种评估拉曼边带效应影响重力仪精度的方法.本文结果为减小拉曼边带效应对冷原子重力仪测量精度的影响提供了依据.     

基于冷原子重力仪的绝对重力动态移动测量实验

动态重力测量可以提高重力场的勘测效率,对基础地质调查、资源勘探、地球物理研究等具有十分重要意义.本文基于冷原子重力仪、惯性稳定平台和牵引动力装置搭建了一套绝对重力动态移动测量系统,并开展了绝对重力动态测量实验.首先测量了不同牵引速度下的垂向振动噪声功率谱,理论分析了其对动态重力测量的影响;其次评估了不同牵引速度对原子干涉条纹对比度和直流偏置量的影响,分析了动态环境下的振动补偿效果;在最大牵引速度为5.50 cm/s、最大振动幅度为0.1 m/s~2的情况下,实验上仍能基于振动补偿技术恢复原子干涉条纹.在此基础上,通过开展不同T下的原子干涉条纹测量,评估了动态测量环境下的绝对重力值,在校正完系统误差并减去绝对重力初始值后得到的测量结果为(–1.22±2.42) mGal (1 Gal=0.01 m/s~2).最后,通过与静态环境下的绝对重力测量值进行比较,发现两者基本吻合.本文开展的绝对重力动态移动测量实验有望为车载动态绝对重力测量提供数据参考.     

基于原子重力仪的车载静态绝对重力测量

目前大多数原子重力仪的装置复杂、体积庞大、环境适应性差,不能应用于野外进行绝对重力测量,这限制了原子重力仪的应用领域.本文利用自研的小型化原子重力仪,集成了一套车载绝对重力测量系统.该系统主要由原子重力仪、被动平台隔震系统、位姿平台调平系统、差分GPS测高系统、不间断电源供电系统及车载空调温控系统等组成.首先,本文对该测量系统的车载环境适应性进行了评估,发现在野外40℃高温、8°大倾角普通路面的环境下,该系统仍然能够正常工作;其次,介绍了车载绝对重力测量的实验步骤及数据处理方法,并测量了车头朝向对绝对重力测量的影响.最后,在野外平坦路面上进行了重复测线工作,评估了系统的内符合绝对重力测量精度,结果约为30μGal;在野外大倾角山体路面,通过测量不同海拔高度点的绝对重力值,得到了地球的垂直重力梯度值,约为-231(36)μGal/m.本文结果为野外绝对重力勘测提供了依据.