微乳电动色谱法的研究进展

微乳电动色谱(MEEKC)是一种以微乳为背景电解质,以电压为驱动力的分离技术。本文对MEEKC中的各调节参数进行了概述,重点归纳了MEEKC法在正辛醇-水分配系数测定、中药和手性化合物分离方面的应用,以及在操作技术上的新进展,如多路进样技术以及在线联用质谱检测技术等,并通过对相关文献的分析,对一直存有争议的MEEKC与胶束电动色谱(MEKC)的联系与区别进行了讨论,最后提出了MEEKC法未来的发展空间。     

类氢U91+离子的辐射复合及其辐射退激发过程的理论研究

基于多组态Dirac-Fock理论方法,利用GRASP92和RATIP以及在此基础上最新发展的RERR06程序,对类氢U⁹¹⁺（1s）离子的辐射复合截面以及辐射退激发过程进行了详细的理论研究.系统地计算了具有确定能量的连续电子被处于基态的类氢U⁹¹⁺（1s）离子俘获到nl （1≤n≤8, 0≤l≤6）轨道形成类氦U⁹⁰⁺（1snl）离子的辐射复合截面,并研究了这辐射复合末态退激发谱的相对强度.研究发现,类氢U⁹¹⁺（1s）离子辐射复合到不同轨道的截面随其主量子数的增大而显著减小;同时,辐射复合末态的退激发对Kα谱线的相对强度有重要影响. 关键词： 辐射复合 多组态Dirac-Fock理论方法 辐射退激发     

动态裂纹尖端弹粘塑性场的研究

本文利用弹一粘一塑性材料力学模型，对动态扩展裂纹尖端的指数奇异性和对数奇异性进行了渐近分析。文中假定，弹性阶段的粘性效应可以略去，仅在塑性应变中粘性才起作用，对于这种模型，推导出了其率敏感型的本构关系。以Ⅱ型裂纹为例，进一步推导了两种奇异性下裂纹尖端场的渐近微分控制方程，并进行了数值仿真分析。同时讨论了粘性系数α、马赫数M^2对裂纹尖端应力应变场的影响，即，弹粘塑性材料扩展裂纹的奇异性取决于其粘性系数和马赫数，粘性系数较大时，裂纹尖端场具有对数奇异性；粘性系数较小时，裂纹尖端场具有指数奇异性。修正了文献中对数奇异性区域的大小；解释了文献中过渡区的成因；给出了过渡区尖端应力场解的形式，从而建立了裂纹尖端场的统一解。     

生物分配色谱:高通量筛选药物膜通透性和活性

生物分配色谱是指在色谱系统中引入类生物膜结构,以色谱学方法仿真药物与生物膜的相互作用,现已成为评估药物膜通透性和活性的高通量筛选模型。根据最新进展并结合课题组研究内容,对其理论基础、分类及应用进行了评述,并对这一领域的发展和前景进行了展望。     

满足欧Ⅲ排放标准的汽油车中偶催化剂

 制备了高性能稀土储氧材料Ce0.5Zr0.4Y0.1O2和镧稳定的氧化铝(La-Al2O3), 并以此为基础制备了中偶汽油车尾气净化催化剂. 经老化前后的性能检测证实,稀土储氧材料具有优异的织构性能和储氧性能且高温稳定性优良; La-Al2O3具有优异的织构性能及优异的抗高温老化性能. 中偶催化剂对HC, CO和NOx具有优异的低温活性、抗高温老化性能和低的劣化系数. 捷达-MT型汽油车排放检测表明该催化剂能够满足欧Ⅲ排放标准.     

高离化态金离子的辐射复合及其退激发过程的理论研究

利用基于多组态Dirac-Fock方法的程序包GRASP92和RATIP以及最新发展的RERR06程序,详细计算了高离化态金离子(类镍Au51+、类铜Au50+和类锌Au49+)俘获一个自由电子到nl(n=4—8,l=0—3)壳层的辐射复合谱以及相应的辐射退激发谱.理论计算的辐射复合谱很好地重现了实验谱.研究结果表明:对类镍Au51+、类铜Au50+和类锌Au49+而言,将一个自由电子俘获到n=4壳层的概率最大;在辐射复合过程之后,处在n=4壳层的俘获电子的辐射退激发谱线最强,并且体现了整个辐射退激发谱的主要特征.     

Superior tribological properties of an amorphous carbon film with a graphite-like structure

Amorphous carbon films with high sp² concentrations are deposited by unbalanced magnetron sputtering with a narrow range of substrate bias voltage. Field emission scanning electron microscopes (FESEMs), high resolution transmission electron microscopes (HRTEMs), atomic force microscopes (AFMs), the Raman spectrometers, nano-indentation, and tribometers are subsequently used to characterize the microstructures and the properties of the resulting films. It is found that the present films are dominated by the sp² sites. However, the films demonstrate a moderate hardness together with a low internal stress. The high hardness of the deposited film originates from the crosslinking of the sp² clusters by the sp³ sites. The presence of the graphite-like clusters in the film structure may be responsible for the low internal stress. What is more important is that the resulting films show excellent tribological properties with high load capacity and excellent wear resistance in humid atmospheres. The relationship between the microstructure determined by the deposition condition and the film characteristic is discussed in detail.     

Superior tribological properties of an amorphous carbon film with a graphite-like structure

Amorphous carbon films with high sp 2 concentrations are deposited by unbalanced magnetron sputtering with a narrow range of substrate bias voltage. Field emission scanning electron microscopes (FESEMs), high resolution transmission electron microscopes (HRTEMs), atomic force microscopes (AFMs), the Raman spectrometers, nano- indentation, and tribometers are subsequently used to characterize the microstructures and the properties of the resulting films. It is found that the present films are dominated by the sp 2 sites. However, the films demonstrate a moderate hardness together with a low internal stress. The high hardness of the deposited film originates from the crosslinking of the sp 2 clusters by the sp 3 sites. The presence of the graphite-like clusters in the film structure may be responsible for the low internal stress. What is more important is that the resulting films show excellent tribological properties with high load capacity and excellent wear resistance in humid atmospheres. The relationship between the microstructure determined by the deposition condition and the film characteristic is discussed in detail.     

Ⅱ型动态扩展裂纹尖端场的仿真分析

采用弹粘塑性力学模型，对Ⅱ型动态扩展裂纹尖端的对数奇异性，进行了数值仿真计算。详细地分析了粘性系数α、马赫数M^2对裂纹尖端的应力场影响。指出了文献[1]中对数奇异性区域存在的问题，解释了文献[1]中过度区的成因，对过度区尖端场解的形式和求解方法做了合理的推测。     

满足欧Ⅲ排放标准的压缩天然气汽车中偶催化剂

制备了具有高性能的稀土储氧材料Ce0.45Zr0.45Y0.05La0.05O2和耐高温大比表面积材料La-Al2O3,并以此为基础制备了Pt-Rh型中偶压缩天然气汽车尾气净化催化剂.催化剂对模拟尾气具有较高的催化活性和稳定性,在捷达-MT型压缩天然气汽车上的测试结果表明该催化剂能够满足欧Ⅲ排放标准.