用于X射线时空分辨测量的弯晶谱仪

为了测量激光聚变产生的0.2～0.37 nm范围内的等离子体X射线, 设计了一种基于空间和时间分辨的聚焦型弯晶谱仪. 将在700℃时弯曲后的LiF(2d＝0.403 nm)晶体作为色散元件, 布喇格衍射角的变化范围为30～67.5°, 弯晶粘贴在离心率和焦距分别为0.9586和1350 mm的椭圆形不锈钢基底上. 利用弯晶谱仪配X光CCD相机在星光Ⅱ激光(0.35 μm, 60～80J, 700 ps)装置上摄取了钛平面靶发射的X射线光谱, 实验结果表明它的光谱分辨率能达到0.001 nm.     

软X射线分光晶体KAP的反射率特性

弯晶谱仪是激光等离子体软X射线的有效诊断工具,KAP是弯晶谱仪的分光晶体之一.利用原子散射因子和结构因子分量,以及镶嵌晶体模型计算KAP的积分反射率,表明KAP的积分反射率与波长有关,先随波长增大而减小,后随波长增大而增大.此外,还计算了KAP的峰值反射率、半最大值宽度、能量宽度和能量分辨率,表明峰值反射率和能量分辨率随波长增大而减小.     

Elliptically-bent crystal spectrograph for X-ray diagnosis of laser-produced plasmas

In order to measure spatially and temporarily resolved laser-produced plasma X-ray spectra in 0.2 - 2 nm region, a novel two-channel elliptically-bent crystal spectrograph has been developed. Dispersive elements are LiF, PET, Mica, and KAP crystals, which cover Bragg angles in the range of 30 - 67.5 degrees. Eccentricity and focal distance of twin ellipses are 0.9586 and 1350 mm, respectively. Spatially resolved spectrum is photographically recorded with an X-ray film or X-CCD camera in one channel, and temporarily resolved one is photographically recorded with an X-ray streak camera in another channel, thus spatially and temporarily resolved spectra can be simultaneously obtained. Spectral images were acquired with X-CCD and PET in SHENGUANG-II laser facility, and experimental results show that the spectral resolution of the spectrograph is about 0.002 nm.     

用于诊断激光等离子体X射线的双通道椭圆弯晶谱仪

利用从一个焦点发出的光线经过椭圆面反射后汇聚于另一个焦点及布拉格衍射的特点,研制了双通道椭圆弯晶谱仪(以下简称"弯晶谱仪").采用独特的双通道结构能够对高温等离子体所发出的X射线同时进行空间和时间分辨测量,测量的波长范围为0.2～2 nm,布拉格角的覆盖范围是30°～67.5°.阐述了弯晶谱仪的基本结构.重点介绍了对LiF分光晶体进行的X射线衍射实验及在"星光Ⅱ" 激光装置上进行的激光打靶实验.得到了钛等离子体X射线的发射谱图像,经过分析,发现弯晶谱仪的空间分辨率能够达到0.0011 nm.最后,提出对弯晶分析器的特性、制作工艺及检测方法还必须进行进一步的深入研究.     

High-resolution X-ray focusing concave (elliptical) curved crystal spectrograph for laser-produced plasma

The X-ray spectrum emitted from laser-produced plasma contains plentiful information.X-ray spectrometer is a powerful tool for plasma diagnosis and studying the information and evolution of the plasma.X-ray concave(elliptical)curved crystals analyzer was designed and manufactured to investigate the properties of laser-produced plasma.The experiment was carried out on Mianyang Xingguang-ⅡFacility and aimed at investigating the characteristics of a high density iron plasma.Experimental results using KAP,LIF,PET,and MICA curved crystal analyzers are described,and the spectra of Au,Ti laser-produced plasma are shown.The focusing crystal analyzer clearly gave an increase in sensitivity over a flat crystal.     

Elliptically-bent crystal spectrograph for X-ray diagnosis of laser-produced plasmas

In order to measure spatially and temporarily resolved laser-produced plasma X-ray spectra in 0.2 - 2nm region, a novel two-channel elliptically-bent crystal spectrograph has been developed. Dispersive elements are LiF, PET, Mica, and KAP crystals, which cover Bragg angles in the range of 30 - 67.5degrees. Eccentricity and focal distance of twin ellipses are 0.9586 and 1350 mm, respectively. Spatially resolved spectrum is photographically recorded with an X-ray film or X-CCD camera in one channel, and temporarily resolved one is photographically recorded with an X-ray streak camera in another channel,thus spatially and temporarily resolved spectra can be simultaneously obtained. Spectral images were acquired with X-CCD and PET in SHENGUANG-Ⅱ laser facility, and experimental results show that the spectral resolution of the spectrograph is about 0.002 nm.     

High-resolution X-ray focusing concave (elliptical) curved crystal spectrograph for laser-produced plasma

The X-ray spectrum emitted, from laser-produced plasma contains plentiful information. X-ray spectrometer is a powerful tool for plasma diagnosis and studying the information and evolution of the plasma. X-ray concave (elliptical) curved crystals analyzer was designed and manufactured to investigate the properties of laser-produced plasma. The experiment was carried out on Mianyang Xingguang-Ⅱ Facility and aimed at investigating the characteristics of a high density iron plasma. Experimental results using KAP, LIF, PET, and MICA curved crystal analyzers are described, and the spectra of Au, Ti laser-produced plasma are shown. The focusing crystal analyzer clearly gave an increase in sensitivity over a flat crystal.