稀土元素在脱硝催化剂中的应用

以NH₃为还原剂的选择性催化还原(SCR)技术可实现工业烟气中氮氧化物(NO_x)的超低排放,现有钒钛系脱硝催化剂具有生物毒性,且报废后为危险废物。稀土元素(REEs)具有独特的4f电子轨道,表现出优异的储释氧性能,在催化反应中可发挥重要作用,是当前新型脱硝催化剂的重要研究对象,也是国家鼓励的现有钒钛系催化剂的替代品。本文主要总结了铈、钐、镧等12种REEs在新型脱硝催化剂中的近5年研究进展,另有钪、镥等5种REEs的相关研究较少,重点阐述了REEs改善催化剂脱硝活性与稳定性的作用机制及耦合过渡金属的协同催化机理,初步提出了脱硝催化剂的设计原则,并展望了稀土脱硝催化剂的发展前景。     

高性能烧结NdFeB生产关键技术研究

采用薄形结晶器铸锭技术、气流磨窄粒度控制技术、低氧含量控制技术、高取向磁场成型技术等成功地批量生产了磁能积为365kJ@m-3和磁能积为310kJ@m-3、矫顽力为1640kA@m-1的NdFeB磁体.研究表明获得尺寸细小的片状晶铸锭、平均粒度小于4.0μm窄粒度分布的粉末及高取向度且晶粒细小组织均匀的烧结体是生产高性能NdFeB的关键.     

Current-voltage characteristics of lead zirconate titanate/nickel bilayered hollow cylindrical magnetoelectric composites

Current--voltage measurements obtained from lead zirconate titanate/nickel bilayered hollow cylindrical magnetoelectric composite showed that a sinusoidal current applied to the copper coil wrapped around the hollow cylinder circumference induces voltage across the lead zirconate titanate layer thickness. The current--voltage coefficient and the maximum induced voltage in lead zirconate titanate at 1~kHz and resonance (60.1~kHz) frequencies increased linearly with the number of the coil turns and the applied current. The resonance frequency corresponds to the electromechanical resonance frequency. The current--voltage coefficient can be significantly improved by optimizing the magnetoelectric structure geometry and/or increasing the number of coil turns. Hollow cylindrical lead zirconate titanate/nickel structures can be potentially used as current sensors.