高超声速平板边界层流动显示的试验研究

本文在高超声速脉冲式风洞内对基于纳米示踪的平面激光散射技术(nano-based planar laser scattering, NPLS)的应用进行了探索, 并在此基础上对平板边界层流动结构的精细测量进行了研究. 试验来流Ma=7.3, 总压4.8 MPa, 总温680 K. 通过时序的分析和调试, 对各分系统实现了高精度的同步控制; 定量的粒子注入及混合, 实现了粒子的均匀撒播, 对主流获得了均匀的显示效果; 对于边界层流动, 获得了精细的瞬态流动结构图像, 显示了层流到湍流的转捩过程, 并分析了其时空演化特性.     

超声速层流/湍流压缩拐角流动结构的实验研究

在Ma=3.0的超声速风洞中, 分别对上游边界层为超声速层流和湍流, 压缩角度为25°和28°的压缩拐角流动进行了实验研究. 采用纳米粒子示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术获得了流场整体和局部区域的精细结构, 边界层、剪切层、分离激波、回流区和再附激波等典型结构清晰可见, 测量了超声速层流压缩拐角壁面的压力系数. 从时间平均的流场结构中测量出分离激波、再附激波的角度和再附后重新发展的边界层的增长情况, 通过分析时间相关的流场NPLS图像, 可以发现流场结构随时间的演化特性. 实验结果表明: 在25°的压缩角度下, 超声速层流压缩拐角流动发生了典型的分离, 边界层迅速增长失稳转捩, 并引起一道诱导激波, 流场中出现了K-H涡、剪切层和微弱压缩波结构, 而超声速湍流压缩拐角流动没有出现分离, 湍流边界层始终表现为附着状态; 在28° 的压缩角度下, 超声速层流压缩拐角流动进一步分离, 回流区范围明显扩大, 诱导激波、分离激波向上游移动, 再附激波向下游移动, 分离区流动结构复杂, 相比之下, 超声速湍流压缩拐角流动的回流区范围明显较小, 边界层增长缓慢, 流场中没有出现诱导激波、K-H涡和压缩波, 流动分离区域的结构也相对简单, 但分离激波的强度则明显更强. 关键词： 压缩拐角 层流 湍流 流动结构     

Flow control of micro-ramps on supersonic forward-facing step flow

The effects of the micro-ramps on supersonic turbulent flow over a forward-facing step(FFS) was experimentally investigated in a supersonic low-noise wind tunnel at Mach number 3 using nano-tracer planar laser scattering(NPLS)and particle image velocimetry(PIV) techniques. High spatiotemporal resolution images and velocity fields of supersonic flow over the testing model were captured. The fine structures and their spatial evolutionary characteristics without and with the micro-ramps were revealed and compared. The large-scale structures generated by the micro-ramps can survive the downstream FFS flowfield. The micro-ramps control on the flow separation and the separation shock unsteadiness was investigated by PIV results. With the micro-ramps, the reduction in the range of the reversal flow zone in streamwise direction is 50% and the turbulence intensity is also reduced. Moreover, the reduction in the average separated region and in separation shock unsteadiness are 47% and 26%, respectively. The results indicate that the micro-ramps are effective in reducing the flow separation and the separation shock unsteadiness.     

Imaging of supersonic flow over a double elliptic surface

The coherent structures of flow over a double elliptic surface are experimentally investigated in a supersonic lownoise wind tunnel at Mach number 3 using nano-tracer planar laser scattering(NPLS)and particle image velocimetry(PIV)techniques.High spatiotemporal resolution images and velocity fields of both laminar and turbulent inflows over the test model are captured.Based on the time-correlation images,the spatial and temporal evolutionary characteristics of the coherent structures are investigated.The flow structures in the NPLS images are in good agreement with the velocity fluctuation fields by PIV.From statistically significant ensembles,spatial correlation analysis of both cases is performed to quantify the mean size and the orientation of coherent structures.The results indicate that the mean structure is elliptical in shape and the structural angles in the separated region of laminar inflow are slightly smaller than that of turbulent inflow.Moreover,the structural angles of both cases increase with their distance away from the wall.