∈_(ijk)在量子力学中的应用

在解决某些量子力学问题时,往往需要求体系的守恒力学量,或求解力学量的海森堡运动方程。这就涉及到根据量子力学的基本对易式求两个力学量之间的对易关系。由于有的力学量本身表达比较复杂,因此需要作较繁的计算。例如,求证对易关系:如果按　的定义(角动量)去展开运算,颇费时间,而且容易出错。在会谨言的量子力学 [1]书中引入了三阶各向同性张量(俗称Levi-civita符号)eijk使一些基本对易关系的表达简洁、易记(见下)。但该书没有对它的运算技巧作进一步介绍。笔者根据自己在学习中所积累的一些这方面的知识,总结一下,也许对新学量子力学的…     

PandaX暗物质直接探测实验

正1.暗物质的直接探测暗物质粒子物理研究是当代基础物理学最前沿的研究方向之一。天体物理和宇宙学的研究表明,暗物质在包括我们的银河系在内的宇宙中大量存在,它占据了宇宙总质量的26.8%,而日常所见的原子分子一类的普通物质只占4%。然而,到现在为止,物理学家还不了解暗物质的本质是什么。理     

PandaX实验的进展与展望

PandaX是位于四川的中国锦屏地下实验室（CJPL）内的,利用氙作为工作物质,探测暗物质等其它极稀有事件的大型地下粒子探测实验计划。PandaX探测器中的氙工作在气液两相的模式。通过检测液相和气相中闪烁光强的比例,实现对目标粒子包括WIMP和Axion等疑似信号的鉴别。PandaX已顺利完成了有效区体积约为120 kg氙的一期计划,目前正在运行实施有效区体积约为500 kg氙的二期计划。在WIMP质量为45 GeV/c2附近,探测灵敏度达2.97×10-45 cm2（90%置信度）,没有发现WIMP疑似信号。本工作介绍了PandaX一期和二期的进展,以及后续升级计划,其中包括升级PandaX的时间投影室至4吨,建造用于屏蔽岩石放射性本底的水屏蔽,以及136Xe双贝塔衰变的研究计划等。PandaX is a xenon-based dark matter and other rare events searching project located at China JinPing underground Laboratory (CJPL), Sichuan province, China. Dual phases, liquid and gas phase of xenon are used in the detector. Particles, including Weak Interaction Massive Particles (WIMPs) or axions etc., may induce scintillating signals in both liquid (S1 signal) and gas (S2 signal) phases, and then are identified by analyzing the ratio of S1 and S2. The PandaX had completed its first stage, the 120 kg in fiducial volume, and now is running in its stage Ⅱ with fiducial volume of 500 kg. The running results show that the WIMP-matter cross section detecting sensitivity of about 2.97×10-45 cm2(90% C.L.) has been achieved at a WIMP mass of 44.7 GeV/c2, and no WIMP candidates are identified. The upgrading plan of the PandaX is discussed, which include to build a larger Time project chamber (TPC) of about 4 tons, a water tank for radiation shielding, and the plan of 136Xe double beta decay studies.     

小横动量半深度非弹性散射的量子色动力学因子化

论证了在小横动量区域内半深度非弹性散射量子色动力学因子化公式. 为完成因子化, 引进了依赖于横动量的部分子分布函数和碎裂函数, 并扣除了软胶子辐射. 在单圈图的情形下, 证明了因子化的成立, 同时论证了在微扰论的任意阶该因子化的正确性.     

A Search for Solar Axions and Anomalous Neutrino Magnetic Moment with the Complete Panda X-Ⅱ Data

We report a search for new physics signals using the low energy electron recoil events in the complete data set from PandaX-Ⅱ,in light of the recent event excess reported by XENON1 T.The data correspond to a total exposure of 100.7 ton·day with liquid xenon.With robust estimates of the dominant background spectra,we perform sensitive searches on solar axions and neutrinos with enhanced magnetic moment.It is found that the axionelectron coupling gAe<4.6×10^-12 for an axion mass less than 0.1 keV/c² and the neutrino magnetic moment μv<4.9×10^-11μB at 90%confidence level.The observed excess from XENON1 T is within our experimental constraints.