斜入射激光超声体波声场的实验研究

为研究微烧蚀状态下圆形光斑斜入射时激光超声声场的指向性,使用脉冲激光辐照半圆柱形铝质工件表面,并使用压电探头和电磁超声探头分别接收纵波和横波信号。根据速度参数确定了超声信号的类型,提取了信号的峰-峰值,并绘制出声场指向性曲线。通过分析获得以下结论:激光斜入射角度在0~60°范围内变化时,纵波声场的声束轴线方向保持不变,且与工件内法线平行;另外,横波声场的峰-峰值仍然在±35°的方向上取最大值,但是横波指向图形的主瓣易受激光入射方向的影响,当倾斜角度大于等于45°时,横波主瓣的范围变得较宽。     

斜入射激光支持燃烧波时纵波声场的指向性

利用理论推导及实验验证的方法研究了激光倾斜入射支持燃烧波时纵波声场的指向性。根据激光超声的产生机理, 在喷溅物质垂直作用于工件表面的前提条件下, 推导了椭圆形声源作用时远场质点的法向位移。获得了纵波声场的指向性函数, 分析了影响纵波声场指向性的因素, 并进行了实验验证。利用功率密度低于爆轰波点燃阈值的激光烧蚀工件, 使用峰值频率为5 MHz压电探头接收纵波, 进而获得纵波声场的指向性实验数据, 结果表明, 实验数据与理论数据能够较好地进行吻合。在光斑短轴长度恒定时, 与激光垂直入射相比, 各倾斜入射角度下纵波声场的声束轴线指向均保持不变, 并且指向性图形随倾斜角度的增加而变得细窄, 纵波声场的能量也更加集中。     

趣味物理实验四则

我校在开展第二课堂活动中做了许多趣味物理实验。效果很好,现将部分介绍出来,以供参考。 1 纱布“瓶盖” 〔实验〕在酒瓶口扎上一块纱布,然后把酒瓶拿到水龙头下,让水冲在纱布上,水能通过纱布进入酒瓶。当酒瓶里装满水后,将酒瓶倒过来,这时,全是小洞的松散纱布却变得象胶皮一样,一点水也流不出来。     

Hybrid laser-EMAT system for non-destructive testing continuous casting billet

A novel laser-electro magnetic acoustic transducer （EMAT） system for nondestructive testing NDT surface crack of continuous casting billet （CCB） is provided. Rayleigh wave generated by line laser source is used to detect the surface crack of CCB. According to the principle of mode conversion from Rayleigh wave to shear wave, the defect signal is received using the shear wave EMAT sensor in a non-contact way. Experiments are carried out on the steel sample with size 30 × 0.2 ×0.2 （mm） of crack. Further, the influences of life off value and distance between EMAT sensor and laser beam on the testing sensitivity are discussed, respectively. It is found that the life off value is the main factor that effects sensitivity of the proposed method. There is a clear prospect of the method applied to test continuously cast bloom at high temperature.