R型铁氧体BaFe4-xTi2+xO11的化学组态以及磁性行为的研究

本文通过传统的固相反应法制备了R型六角铁氧体BaFe_4-xTi_2+xO₁₁ (x= 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1), 并且对它的原子价态以及磁性行为进行了研究. X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)结果显示了随着掺杂含量的增加, 体系中Fe³⁺离子逐渐减少而Fe²⁺离子逐渐增加. 由于具有非对称结构的阻挫晶格中存在各种关联作用的竞争, 使得BaFe_4-xTi_2+xO₁₁体系表现出了复杂的磁有序行为, 在T₁～250 K和T₂～83 K两处存在磁转变. 对这一系列掺杂样品, 在相变温度T₁之上表现顺磁行为, 而在相变温度T₂前后的磁化强度都表现出低场下随磁场的增加快速增加, 高场下则线性变化且在5×10⁴ Oe时还未达到饱和的行为, 表明这一系列掺杂样品是典型的倾斜反铁磁态(canted antiferromagnetic) 或者亚铁磁态.     

具有扩散效应的Lotka-Volterra合作系统的最小传播速度

通过构造不变集并应用流形理论,得到具有扩散效应的Lotka-Volterra合作系统的最小传播速度.     

Improvement in coercivity,thermal stability,and corrosion resistance of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets with Dy_(80)Ga_(20) intergranular addition

To investigate the coercivity,corrosion resistance,and thermal stability of Nd-Fe-B magnets,their properties were investigated at room and high temperature before and after doping with Dy_(80)Ga_(20)(at.%) powder.The coercivity of the magnets increased from the undoped value of 12.72 kOe to a doped value of 21.44 kOe.A micro-structural analysis indicates that a well-developed core-shell structure forms in the magnets doped with Dy_(80)Ga_(20) powder.The improvement in magnetic properties is believed to be related to the refined and uniform matrix grains,continuous grain boundaries,and a hardened(Nd,Dy)_2Fe_(14)B shell surrounding the matrix grains.Additionally,the doped magnets exhibit an obvious improvement in thermal stability.For the magnets with added Dy_(80)Ga_(20) powder,the temperature coefficients of remanence(α) and coercivity(β) increased to-0.106%℃~(-1) and-0.60%℃~(-1) over the range 20-100 ℃,compared to temperature coefficients of-0.117%℃~(-1)(α) and-0.74%℃~(-1)(β) in the regular magnets without Dy_(80)Ga_(20) powder.The irreversible loss of magnetic flux(Hirr) was investigated at different temperatures.After being exposed to 150 ℃ for 2 h,the Hirr of magnets with 4 wt.%Dy_(80)Ga_(20) decreased by ~95%compared to that of the undoped magnets.The enhanced temperature coefficients and Hirr indicate improved thermal stability in the doped Nd-Fe-B magnets.The intergranular addition of Dy_(80)Ga_(20) also improved the corrosion resistance of the magnets because of the enhanced intergranular phase.In a corrosive atmosphere for 96 h,the mass loss of the sintered magnets with 4 wt.%Dy_(80)Ga_(20) was 2.68 mg/cm~2,less than 10%of that suffered by the undoped magnets(28.1 mg/cm~2).     

Effects of terbium sulfide addition on magnetic properties,microstructure and thermal stability of sintered Nd-Fe--B magnets

To increase coercivity and thermal stability of sintered Nd–Fe–B magnets for high-temperature applications, a novel terbium sulfide powder is added into(Pr_(0.25)Nd_(0.75))_(30.6)Cu_(0.15)Fe_(bal)B_1(wt.%) basic magnets. The effects of the addition of terbium sulfide on magnetic properties, microstructure, and thermal stability of sintered Nd–Fe–B magnets are investigated.The experimental results show that by adding 3 wt.% Tb_2S_3, the coercivity of the magnet is remarkably increased by about 54% without a considerable reduction in remanence and maximum energy product. By means of the electron probe microanalyzer(EPMA) technology, it is observed that Tb is mainly present in the outer region of 2:14:1 matrix grains and forms a well-developed Tb-shell phase, resulting in enhancement of HA, which accounts for the coercivity enhancement.Moreover, compared with Tb_2S_3-free magnets, the reversible temperature coefficients of remanence(α) and coercivity(β) and the irreversible flux loss of magnetic flow(hirr) values of Tb_2S_3-added magnets are improved, indicating that the thermal stability of the magnets is also effectively improved.     

离子吸附型稀土矿区复垦植被光谱特征变异提取与分析

大面积高光谱遥感监测是稀土矿区环境监管的重要手段,复垦植被在矿区环境胁迫下的特征变异分析,可为准确实现矿区生态恢复动态监测提供必要基础。通过实地采集稀土矿区六种典型复垦植被及其对应正常环境植被叶片原始光谱,对照分析其光谱变异。将原始光谱进行常用的导数变换之外,还应用信号处理中的分形维数计算、离散小波变换分析技术和短时傅里叶变换处理放大植被叶片光谱的细部信息,探究复垦植被在稀土矿区环境胁迫下的光谱特征。结果表明：(1)在一阶导数光谱中,除湿地松外,其他植被均出现“红边位置”的蓝移现象,表明了复垦植被在矿区受到不同程度环境胁迫等外界因子的影响。(2)通过计算矿区植被光谱曲线的分形维数,得到同种复垦植被分形维数高于正常植被的规律,说明矿区环境胁迫多条件因素的影响致使复垦植被光谱曲线的波形变复杂。(3)植被叶片光谱经过离散小波变换,其中原始光谱离散小波变换最佳细节系数为d5,一阶导数光谱离散小波变换最佳细节系数为d6;并且一阶导数光谱离散小波变换在更小的尺度下放大了光谱特征细节差异,取得更好的效果。(4)光谱通过短时傅里叶变换在空频图上实现局域化,原始光谱空频特征出现在“红边”与中红外第一个“...