Fast generating W state of three superconducting qubits via Lewis–Riesenfeld invariants

We propose a scheme for a fast generating three-qubit W state in a superconducting system by using a technique of shortcuts to adiabaticity, Lewis–Riesenfeld invariants. Three identical superconducting qubits(SQs) are connected by two coplanar waveguide resonators(CPWRs) capacitively. Under a certain limit condition, we convert the complicated SQ system into a simple three-state system. By designing experimentally accessible harmonic pulses, a three-SQ W state is implemented with quite short operation time and high fidelity. Numerical simulations prove that the scheme is robust against the parameter deviation. In addition, we also give detailed discussion about the scheme robustness against decoherence.     

Implementation of quantum phase gate between two atoms via Rydberg antiblockade and adiabatic passage

Combining adiabatic passage and Rydberg antiblockade, we propose a scheme to implement a two-qubit phase gate between two Rydberg atoms. Detuning parameters between frequencies of atomic transitions and those of the corresponding driving lasers are carefully chosen to offset the blockade effect of two Rydberg atoms, so that an effective Hamiltonian,representing a single-photon detuning L-type three-level system and concluding the quantum state of two Rydberg atoms excited simultaneously, is obtained. The adiabatic-passage technique, based on the effective Hamiltonian, is adopted to implement a two-atom phase gate by using two time-dependent Rabi frequencies. Numerical simulations indicate that a high-fidelity two-qubit p-phase gate is constructed and its operation time does not have to be controlled accurately. Besides,owing to the long coherence time of the Rydberg state, the phase gate is robust against atomic spontaneous emission.     

Theoretical studies on particle shape classification based on simultaneous small forward angle light scattering and aerodynamic sizing

Particle shape contributes to understanding the physical and chemical processes of the atmosphere and better ascertaining the origins and chemical compositions of the particles. The particle shape can be classified by the aspect ratio,which can be estimated through the asymmetry factor measured with angularly resolved light scattering. An experimental method of obtaining the asymmetry factor based on simultaneous small forward angle light scattering and aerodynamic size measurements is described briefly. The near forward scattering intensity signals of three detectors in the azimuthal angles at 120?offset are calculated using the methods of T-matrix and discrete dipole approximation. Prolate spheroid particles with different aspect ratios are used as the shape models with the assumption that the symmetry axis is parallel to the flow axis and perpendicular to the incident light. The relations between the asymmetry factor and the optical size and aerodynamic size at various equivalent sizes, refractive indices, and mass densities are discussed in this paper. The numerically calculated results indicate that an elongated particle may be classified at diameter larger than 1.0 μm, and may not be distinguished from a sphere at diameter less than 0.5 μm. It is estimated that the lowest detected aspect ratio is around 1.5:1 in consideration of the experimental errors.     

大气颗粒物近前向光散射特性研究EI北大核心CSCD

为了考察大气颗粒物近前向光散射特性及其在粉尘质量浓度测量中的应用,建立了大气颗粒物近前向散射光测量实验装置,通过单分散和多分散颗粒物样本的实验测量和基于米散射理论的颗粒物光散射计算,得到颗粒物近前向散射光强度与粒径及分布宽度的关系,结果表明该装置可用于测量环境大气气溶胶质量浓度。通过已知参数的单分散气溶胶样品测量,借助米散射理论计算,可以获得较为准确的响应度数值,并估计测量实际大气颗粒物的误差范围。采用亚利桑那超细标准粉尘进行质量浓度定标,测量城区自然环境颗粒物的粉尘质量浓度,需要约2.5倍的修正。