基于准稳态实验方法研究橡胶材料的热传导性质

采用准稳态方法探讨测量橡胶材料导热系数的最佳实验条件,当在加热电压为18V,测量时间间隔为60s时,橡胶导热系数的测量值λ=(0.64±0.030)W/(m·K),与相关文献给出的参考值误差非常小.在满足测量精度的前提下,准稳态法具有操作简便、耗时少、实验条件容易达到,得出的结果更加准确.     

稀土区奇A核晕带存在从转动到振动形状演化的直接证据(英文)

原子核的形状演化效应是核结构研究的重要基础问题之一。通常认为,A=160质量区的奇A核位于大形变核区域,它们的激发态能谱将呈现出典型的转动激发特征。然而,基于E-GOS曲线方法,发现随着角动量的增加,该质量区奇A核的晕带具有显著地从转动激发演化成为振动激发的形状演化现象。此外,为深入理解原子核形状演化的微观机制,采用Total-Routhian-Surface（TRS）方法针对稀土区的奇A核进行了理论计算,结果表明,165Yb和157Dy同位素在低激发态时具有稳定的长椭形变,当角动量大于0.50 MeV后,核芯的四极形变显著减小并开始产生三轴形变。The phase transition of nuclei with increasing angular momentum (or spin) and excitation energy is one of the most fundamental topics of nuclear structure research. The odd-N nuclei with A ≈160 are widely considered belonging to the well-deformed region, and their excitation spectra are energetically favored to exhibit the rotational characteristics. In this work, however, the evidence suggesting that the nuclei changes from rotation to vibration along the yrast lines as a function of spin was found. The simple method, named as E-Gamma Over Spin (E-GOS) curves, would be used to discern the evolution from rotational to vibrational structure in nuclei for various spin ranges. Meanwhile, in order to understand the band structure properties of nuclei, theoretical calculations have been performed for the yrast bands of the odd-A rare-earth nuclei within the framework of the total routhian surface (TRS) model. The TRS plots predict that the 165Yb and 157Dy isotopes have large quadrupole shapes at low spin states. At higher rotational frequency (hω~ >0.50 MeV), a clear reduction of the quadrupole deformation is indicated by the present results, and the isotopes become rigid in the γ deformation.     

计算机图像处理技术在大学物理实验教学和科研中的应用

本工作将MATLAB图像处理技术与大学物理实验教学相融合,以光学实验为例,将实验观测到的物理现象以图片格式进行存储,数据分析时直接利用MATLAB软件提取实验数据。结果表明,采用MATLAB软件处理实验数据能够有效避免人为因素引入的误差,适合在物理实验教学中推广使用。