脂肪族聚碳酸酯(PPC)与聚乳酸(PLA)共混型生物降解材料的热学性能、力学性能和生物降解性研究

通过溶液浇铸法制备了脂肪族聚碳酸酯与聚乳酸的共混物(PPC/PLA).采用示差热分析(DSC)和热重分析(TG)研究了材料的热性能.采用拉伸力学试验研究了共混物的力学性能.通过土壤悬浊拟环境培养降解实验法和扫描电子显微镜分析(SEM)对共混材料的生物降解性能进行了研究.实验结果表明,随着PPC含量的增加,共混物的拉伸强度和杨氏模量降低,而生物降解速率却显著提高.但是,在一定的降解时间内,某些比例共混物的降解速率比100%PPC还要快.综合分析表明,PPC/PLA是力学性能和降解性能可以互补的共混体系.     

CdTe/ZnSe核壳量子点免疫层析试纸条检测克伦特罗的研究

采用巯基丁二酸作为表面修饰剂,水相法合成水溶性的CdTe/ZnSe核壳量子点,然后在N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)的作用下,将CdTe/ZnSe核壳量子点与抗克伦特罗多克隆抗体(Anti-CLE pAb)连接。通过凝胶电泳和斑点杂交实验,验证CdTe/ZnSe核壳量子点与Anti-CLE pAb连接成功,并且CdTe/ZnSe-Anti-CLE pAb偶联物能识别克伦特罗-BSA抗原(CLE-BSA)。光谱分析表明,量子点与抗体连接后荧光增强,荧光峰位从628nm红移至635nm。将合成的CdTe/ZnSe-Anti-CLE pAb偶联物作为指示克伦特罗(CLE)分子的荧光标记物,制备出一种用于检测CLE的免疫层析试纸条,其最低检测量可达1μg/L。与ELISA法的对比实验表明,此试纸条能应用于CLE残留的快速检测。     

聚多巴胺薄膜对316L不锈钢表面抗菌改性的研究

通过聚多巴胺薄膜结合和复合水溶性庆大霉素分子,以改善医用316L不锈钢的抗菌性能。扫描电镜、电子能谱和X射线光电子能谱分析表明,不锈钢表面的自聚合多巴胺薄膜很薄。电化学测试表明,聚多巴胺薄膜使阻抗谱的膜电阻减小,极化曲线的维钝电流密度增大。与多巴胺结合庆大霉素试样相比,多巴胺复合庆大霉素试样具有更稳定的抗菌性能。     

Tritium and helium analyses in thin films by enhanced proton backscattering

In order to study how to reliably perform quantitative tritium and helium analyses in thin film samples using enhanced proton backscattering(EPBS),several EPBS spectra for some samples consisting of non-RBS light elements(i.e.,T,4He,12C,16O,natSi),medium and heavy elements have been measured and analyzed using analytical SIMNRA and Monte Carlo-based CORTEO codes.The non-RBS cross sections needed in the CORTEO code are taken from the ENDF/B-Ⅶ.1 database and the calculations of SigmaCalc code and are incorporated into the CORTEO code.All non-RBS cross section data over the entire proton incident energy-scattering angle plane are obtained by interpolation.It is quantitatively observed that in EPBS analysis the multiple and plural scattering effects have little impact on the energy spectra for light elements and the RBS cross sections of light elements can be used in the SIMNRA code for dual scattering calculations.It is also observed that the results given by the CORTEO code are higher than the results of the SIMNRA code in the low energy part of EPBS spectra,and are in better agreement with the experimental data.Tritium and helium analyses in thin film samples using EPBS can be performed reliably when the multiple and plural scattering contributions are completely accounted.     

硬质陶瓷薄膜涂层力学特性研究进展

制造和加工业的迅猛发展对刀具和模具材料提出了超硬、耐磨、耐热、强韧、寿命等要求。硬质陶瓷涂层以满足上述要求的优良力学性能和可设计性使其作为最富前景的刀具涂层材料受到广泛关注。实验、数值模拟和理论模型是研究硬质陶瓷涂层力学特性的主要方法,它们的结合可更好地揭示硬质陶瓷的力学特性、致硬机理及主要影响因素。本文从实验、数值模拟和理论模型三个方面综述了硬质陶瓷涂层及其力学特性的国内外研究进展,包括不同硬质陶瓷涂层的制备、力学特性测试与分析、硬质陶瓷涂层生长与界面研究、硬质陶瓷涂层的变形机制、分析模型与方法等。     

反胶束法制备SiO2包裹的ZnS:Mn/ZnS量子点

采用反胶束法制备了SiO2包裹的ZnS∶Mn/ZnS量子点(1)。1的UV吸收峰在295 nm附近,低于体相ZnS(约340 nm);1中Mn2+含量升高,ZnS基质的缺陷荧光发射峰减弱,595 nm处的Mn2+特征荧光发射峰增强;但Mn2+含量过高时产生荧光淬灭。光学显微镜和透射电镜分析表明,1分散性较好,内核呈结晶态;Mn2+含量为2.2%时,1的内核直径和SiO2壳层厚度分别为6 nm和5 nm左右。