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为了分析圆柱形容器内同步旋转液面在边界阻力作用下的衰减机理,采用层流摩阻与湍流摩阻的理论模型和实验测试的方法对同步旋转液面在边壁阻力作用下的衰减规律进行了研究. 通过分析壁面阻力的特性,采用当量湿周对圆柱形容器中旋转液体运动的能量损失进行模拟,建立了壁面糙率、旋转半径,静水深度和液体旋转速度之间的本构方程. 通过对圆柱容器中的同步旋转液面在边界阻力作用下的层流和湍流形态的衰减过程进行实验测试,验证了理论模型的正确性. 基于验证后的理论方法,获得了圆柱容器中旋转液体的角速度、高度等随时间的变化过程,分析了摩阻形态、糙率和直径对旋转液面衰减过程的影响. 结果表明,边壁糙率和容器半径是决定旋转液面的衰减过程主要因素,边壁糙率越大液体旋转速度衰减越快,圆柱形容器半径越大液体旋转的衰减越慢. 相似文献
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An improved compound mathematical model is established to simulate the attenuation of hydraulic transients with laminar-turbulent alternations,which usually occur when the pipeline flow velocity fluctuates near the critical velocity.The laminar friction resistance and the turbulent friction resistance are considered respectively in this model by applying different resistance schemes to the characteristics method of fluid transient analysis.The hydraulic transients of the valve closing process are simulated using the model.A more reasonable attenuation of hydraulic transients is obtained.The accurate attenuation is more distinct than that obtained from the traditional mathematical model.The research shows that the hydraulic transient is a type of energy waves,and its attenuation is caused by the friction resistance.The laminar friction resistance is more important than the turbulent friction resistance if the flow velocity is smaller than the critical velocity.Otherwise the turbulent friction resistance is more important.The laminar friction resistance is important in the attenuation of hydraulic transients for the closing process.Thus,it is significant to consider the different resistances separately to obtain more accurate attenuation of hydraulic transients. 相似文献
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为了模拟低流速情况下的流态转换和水击波的实际衰减过程,针对管流瞬时流速接近临界流速而导致的层流-紊流交替出现的情况,分别将层流摩阻损失公式和紊流摩阻损失公式引入到传统的特征线法瞬变计算模型,建立改进后的瞬变模拟复合数学模型．通过数值方法对伴随层-紊流交替情况下的水击全过程进行模拟得到关阀瞬变的压力波动时程,与传统瞬变模型计算结果相比,该波动过程线具有更快的衰减速度．结果分析表明,瞬变波的衰减过程实质是弹性波的能量衰减过程,摩阻损失是导致瞬变波衰减的直接原因,当流速较大时,能量消散以紊流摩阻为主,当流速较小时,能量消散以层流摩阻为主．对于瞬变波衰减的模拟,考虑层流区的实际摩阻损失后的衰减速度比传统水击模型计算的衰减速度快,因此,在瞬变波衰减的模拟中必须充分考虑层流摩阻的效应． 相似文献
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