Static bending of granular beam: exact discrete and nonlocal solutions

Meccanica - This study is an attempt towards a better understanding of the length scale effects on the bending response of the granular beams. To this aim, a unidimensional discrete granular chain...     

Static and dynamic behaviour of nonlocal elastic bar using integral strain-based and peridynamic models

The static and dynamic behaviour of a nonlocal bar of finite length is studied in this paper. The nonlocal integral models considered in this paper are strain-based and relative displacement-based nonlocal models; the latter one is also labelled as a peridynamic model. For infinite media, and for sufficiently smooth displacement fields, both integral nonlocal models can be equivalent, assuming some kernel correspondence rules. For infinite media (or finite media with extended reflection rules), it is also shown that Eringen's differential model can be reformulated into a consistent strain-based integral nonlocal model with exponential kernel, or into a relative displacement-based integral nonlocal model with a modified exponential kernel. A finite bar in uniform tension is considered as a paradigmatic static case. The strain-based nonlocal behaviour of this bar in tension is analyzed for different kernels available in the literature. It is shown that the kernel has to fulfil some normalization and end compatibility conditions in order to preserve the uniform strain field associated with this homogeneous stress state. Such a kernel can be built by combining a local and a nonlocal strain measure with compatible boundary conditions, or by extending the domain outside its finite size while preserving some kinematic compatibility conditions. The same results are shown for the nonlocal peridynamic bar where a homogeneous strain field is also analytically obtained in the elastic bar for consistent compatible kinematic boundary conditions at the vicinity of the end conditions. The results are extended to the vibration of a fixed–fixed finite bar where the natural frequencies are calculated for both the strain-based and the peridynamic models.     

An application of Curie’s principle to elastoplastic dynamics

This paper deals with the stability and the dynamics of a harmonically excited elastic–perfectly plastic unsymmetrical oscillator. Stability of the periodic orbits is analytically investigated with a perturbation approach. The occurrence of ratcheting effect is discussed for this system, and is related to the loss of symmetry of the periodic orbit in the phase space. Curie’s principle of symmetry is numerically verified for the symmetrical system with positive damping. Therefore, the observation of ratcheting phenomenon is necessarily associated to a breaking of symmetry in the constitutive behaviour, or in the forcing term. However, the generalized version of Curie’s principle has to be considered when a negative damping is introduced.     

On the non-conservativeness of a class of anisotropic damage models with unilateral effectsSur le caractère non-conservatif de quelques modèles d'endommagement anisotrope avec conditions unilatérales

The aim of this Note is to show that a class of anisotropic elastic-damage models including unilateral effects can be considered, for constant damage values, as non-linear and non-conservative elastic. The conservative character of corresponding constitutive models is related to the symmetry of the Hessian tensor. For the models under consideration, it is shown that the condition of conservativeness (existence of the elastic potential energy function) is obtained only when there is coaxiality of the strain and damage tensors. To cite this article: N. Challamel et al., C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).     

Reply to the comments of M.E. Golmakani and J. Rezatalab,Comment on “Nonlocal third-order shear deformation plate theory with application to bending and vibration of plates” (by R. Aghababaei and J.N. Reddy,Journal of Sound and Vibration 326 (2009) 277–289), Journal of Sound Vibration, 333 (2014) 3831–3835

Golmakani and Rezatalab [1] suggested in their paper that the deflection of a simply supported nonlocal elastic plate under uniform load is not affected by the small length scale terms. They based their proof on the use of Navier?s method using a sinusoidal-based deflection solution. This insensitivity of the deflection solution of a simply supported nonlocal elastic plate with respect to the small length terms of Eringen?s model is not correct, as already detailed in the literature (for example, see [2] for beam problems). In fact, the deflection of the nonlocal plate (in the Eringen sense) is larger than the one of the local case, as shown in many papers available in the literature. We prove in this reply to the authors that the Navier?s method has to be correctly applied for highlighting the specific sensitivity phenomenon of the deflection solution, as compared to exact analytical solution.     

Singular divergence instability thresholds of kinematically constrained circulatory systems

Static instability or divergence threshold of both potential and circulatory systems with kinematic constraints depends singularly on the constraints? coefficients. Particularly, the critical buckling load of the kinematically constrained Ziegler?s pendulum as a function of two coefficients of the constraint is given by the Plücker conoid of degree n=2$n=2$. This simple mechanical model exhibits a structural instability similar to that responsible for the Velikhov–Chandrasekhar paradox in the theory of magnetorotational instability.     

Some insights into structure instability and the second-order work criterion

This paper is an attempt to extend the approach of the second-order work criterion to the analysis of structural system instability. Elastic structural systems with a finite number of freedoms and subjected to a given loading are considered. It is shown that a general equation, relating the second-order time derivative of the kinetic energy to the second-order work, can be derived for kinetic perturbations. The case of constant, nonconservative loadings are then investigated, putting forward the role of the spectral properties of the symmetric part of the tangent stiffness matrix in the occurrence of instability. As an illustration, the case of the generalized Ziegler column is considered and the case of aircraft wings subjected to aeroelastic effects is investigated. In the both cases, the consequences of additional kinematic constraints are discussed.     

On the occurrence of flutter in the lateral-torsional instabilities of circular arches under follower loads

The lateral-torsional stability of circular arches subjected to radial and follower distributed loading is treated herein. Three loading cases are studied, including the radial load with constant direction, the radial load directed towards the arch centre, and the follower radial load (hydrostatic load), as treated by Nikolai in 1918. For the three cases, the buckling loads are first obtained from a static analysis. As the case of the follower radial load (hydrostatic load) is a non-conservative problem, the dynamic approach is also used to calculate the instability load. The governing equations for out-of-plane vibrations of circular arches under radial loading are then derived, both with and without Wagner's effect. Flutter instabilities may appear for sufficiently large values of opening angle, but flutter cannot occur before divergence for the parameters of interest (civil engineering applications). Therefore, it is concluded that the static approach necessarily leads to the same result as the dynamic approach, even in the non-conservative case.