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This paper deals with the effects of traffic bottlenecks using an extended Lighthill-Whitham-Richards (LWR) model. The solution structure is analytically indicated by the study of the Riemann problem characterized by a discontinuous flux. This leads to a typical solution describing a queue upstream of the bottleneck and its width and height, and informs the design of a δ-mapping algorithm. More significantly, it is found that the kinetic model is able to reproduce stop-and-go waves for a triangular fun-damental diagram. Some simulation examples, which are in agreement with the analytical solutions, are given to support these conclusions. 相似文献
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采用粒子图像测速技术对逆壁射流全流场进行了实验测量,射流与主流的速度比为8.89,基于射流圆管内径的雷诺数为对射流中心线上不同流向位置的脉动速度场统计分析发现:在占据主导地位.在驻点附近(尺度进行分析,在x/D=46~51总尺度向射流下游发展呈减小趋势.在x/D=35~41,参考点下游尺度大于上游尺度.在本征正交分解方法对湍流结构进行了定量分析,发现模态能量集中在低频,流场中能量最大的模态频率为f D/Uj=0.000 5,出现在再循环区.频率为产生了湍流结构,并且沿再循环区外围输运.高频结构的构型是类似的,均位于射流剪切层内,且频率越高,越接近射流出口,尺度越小. 相似文献
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