刚性路面热胀屈曲的实验分析

本文用实验方法研究了刚性路面热胀屈曲的力学机制与临界铺设温差。针对有机玻璃和水泥混凝土两种路面模型,本文分别采用两种方法测量临界压力。作者提出了一种新的测量物体离面转角的方法——载波干涉法,这为拓广图象光载波工作作了有益的尝试。     

弹性杆热膨胀屈曲特性分析

本文建立并求解了弹性杆非线性屈曲的基本方程，揭示了热屈曲问题的内力马变温之间的单调降关系和热屈曲挠度的非突发性，指出了线性解和非线性解的差异性，并对如何准确定义临界变温作出了建议。     

Improved performance of near UV light-emitting diodes with a composition-graded p-AlGaN irregular sawtooth electron-blocking layer

We investigate the performances of the near-ultraviolet(about 350 nm-360 nm) light-emitting diodes(LEDs) each with specifically designed irregular sawtooth electron blocking layer(EBL) by using the APSYS simulation program.The internal quantum efficiencies(IQEs),light output powers,carrier concentrations in the quantum wells,energy-band diagrams,and electrostatic fields are analyzed carefully.The results indicate that the LEDs with composition-graded pAl_xGa_(1-x)N irregular sawtooth EBLs have better performances than their counterparts with stationary component p-AlGaN EBLs.The improvements can be attributed to the improved polarization field in EBL and active region as well as the alleviation of band bending in the EBL/p-AlGaN interface,which results in less electron leakage and better hole injection efficiency,thus reducing efficiency droop and enhancing the radiative recombination rate.     

光弹性材料——环氧树脂塑料中的“云雾”效应

环氧树脂塑料中的“云雾”效应具有应力—光学的双折射性质。本文从它的生成过程分析它形成的化学和物理两大原因;还介绍了改善“云雾”状态的若干措施,而以添加含弪基的物质更为有效。     

Perturbation solution for thermal expansion buckling of no expansion joint slope pavement plate

In this paper,the mechanical mechanism of thermal expansion buckling of no expansion joint slope pavement undergoing the action of a temperature field is analysed.By using regular perturbation method,the formula of perturbation solution for this problem is derived,the relationship between critical laying temperature difference of slope pavement and of level straight pavement is studied,and the unified solution and its.numerical results are also obtained.In terms of this research,rational laying temperature of no expansion joint slope pavement is given.     

用散光光弹性测量Ⅰ型应力强度因子

利用散光法确定Ⅰ型应力强度因子的可行性已在一根带边裂纹的梁承受纯弯曲的情况下得到证实。可以用光弹性条纹数据米获得裂缝尖端周围奇异区内的条纹梯度的表达式。Ⅰ型应力强度因子是通过把条纹梯度与奇异区内的局部应力联系起米,然后将这些结果外推到裂缝尖端而给予确定。实验结果和解析结果表示了良好的一致性,故建议将此法应用于三维断裂力学问题。 字符: σ_(xx),σ_(yy),σ_(zz)=笛卡尔坐标中的应力分量。 σ_0=远场应力在奇异区内的效应。 x,y,z=在图1中定义的笛卡尔坐标。 γ,θ=裂纹尖端处的极坐标。 K_Ⅰ=Ⅰ型应力强度因子。 K_(Ⅰth)=Ⅰ型应力强度因子的理论值。 f_σ=散光法应力条纹系数。 (dN)/(dx)=散光条纹梯度。     

三维光弹模型内部应力全场分析的进一步研究

本文对目前广泛采用的三维光弹性应力分析“冻结”切片法作了扼要的讨论,并提出以“冻结”法为基础,采用一种连续切片法,可将对切片一次正射所获得的实验数据,与弹性理论基本方程和本文所导出的方法相结合,进行三维模型内部应力全场分析,通过电子计算机进行数值计算,获得了满意的成果,且为今后三维光弹性应力分析自动化提供新的途径。     

双折射的等效原理在激光散光法中的应用

1.前言迄今为止,激光散光法中次主应力沿光路转动效应未能获得合理的测试方法,对此本文提出利用等效矩阵原理,使在次主应力转动的情况下测试问题得到妥善的解决。由Jones矩阵原理,可以人为地将三维光弹性模型划分为若干“切片”,每一“切片”又被看做是双折射元件(图1),可以用相应的相位矩阵G(α_k)和旋转矩阵S(θ_k)来表示。当光线由左侧入射到第n“切片”时,其光学效应将是前竹“切片”G(α_k)和S(θ_k)之连乘,且等效于一个新的双折射片再加上一个旋转片。即等效双折射片、经推导证实此等效双折射片将是Babinet-Soleil补偿器,并建立了两者光学参数之间的物理关系,     

Alleviating hysteresis and improving device stability of perovskite solar cells via alternate voltage sweeps

The anomalous hysteresis in a perovskite solar cell induced by an asymmetric field is confirmed by a capacitance–voltage measurement. By applying several cycles of alternating reverse and forward scans, this hysteresis phenomenon is obviously alleviated, resulting in a hysteresis-less state in the perovskite solar cell. Meanwhile, the open-circuit voltage and power conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell are enhanced by 55.74% and 61.30%, respectively, while the current density and fill factor keep almost invariable. The operation of alleviating hysteresis is essential for further research and is likely to bring in performance gains.