Super-High Resolution Time Interval Measurement Method Based on Time-Space Relationships

Based on the principle of quantized delay-time, a super-high resolution time interval measurement method is proposed based on time-space relationships. Using the delay-time stability that time and frequency signal travel in a specific medium, the measured time interval can be quantized. Combined with the phase coincidence detection technique, the measurement of time can be changed into the measurement of space length. The resolution and the stability of the measurement system are easily improved. Experimental results show that the measurement resolution of the measured time interval depends on the length difference of the double delay-time unit. When the length difference is set up on millimeter level or sub-millimeter level, super-high measurement resolution from hundreds of picosecond to tens of picosecond can be obtained.     

电子学领域的群速超光速实验

研究了电信号在阻抗周期失配的光子晶体结构中的群速超光速传播问题,构建了一种具有周期失配性的结构,此种阻抗失配引起非正常色散以及在8 MHz附近出现禁带.正弦调幅信号和窄脉冲信号分别被送入两种超光速实验装置. 实验结果表明,正弦调幅信号在禁带出现群速超光速,群速最大可达到3.52倍光速,而窄脉冲信号始终以正常速度传播.     

Verification and Application of the Border Effect in Precision Measurement

Detection resolution is crucial for improvement of the measurement precision in the device and instrument. Because of the limited resolution, a fuzzy area with the truth-value as its center is found during the detection. The finding for improving the measurement precision by the border of fuzzy area is first introduced. The higher resolution can be captured by the higher resolution stability which makes the different detection results of the inner and outer fuzzy area on the border reflected more sensitively between the measure and the reference quantity. The system resolution obtained only depends on the stability of measurement resolution, which is much better than the mea~surement resolution itself. Based on the finding, the measurement precision can be improved two or three orders of magnitude. The finding can be used in various kinds of high precision measurement.     

Equivalent comparison and analysis between different nominal frequencies

We analyze the phenomena of phase group synchronization between the different nominal frequency signals and propose a new theory of the equivalent comparison between them. The exact expression of the equivalent comparison is deduced. High resolution frequency measurement and phase comparison can be realized using this theory with the divider. For avoiding the frequency mixing, multiplication and synthesis, the system phase noise is improved and the higher resolution comparison and measurement are achieved between the different nominal frequencies by theory.     

ADC border effect and suppression of quantization error in the digital dynamic measurement

The digital measurement and processing is an important direction in the measurement and control field. The quantization error widely existing in the digital processing is always the decisive factor that restricts the development and applications of the digital technology. In this paper, we find that the stability of the digital quantization system is obviously better than the quantization resolution. The application of a border effect in the digital quantization can greatly improve the accuracy of digital processing. Its effective precision has nothing to do with the number of quantization bits, which is only related to the stability of the quantization system. The high precision measurement results obtained in the low level quantization system with high sampling rate have an important application value for the progress in the digital measurement and processing field.     

冻融循环和不均匀冻胀下寒区隧道的塑性解答

季冻区长期冻融循环造成围岩强度和变形性能劣化,使得寒区隧道易进入塑性状态,且寒区隧道围岩呈现以径向冻胀为主的不均匀冻胀.合理考虑寒区隧道冻融循环对围岩性能的劣化以及围岩的不均匀冻胀属性,基于Mohr-Coulomb准则推导了寒区隧道冻胀力、应力与位移的塑性解答,同时给出相应的弹性解答和冻结围岩弹-塑性状态的判定方法,对所得解答进行讨论和对比验证,最后探讨了冻融循环、不均匀冻胀与体积冻胀率对寒区隧道应力分布、塑性区半径、洞壁位移和冻胀力的影响规律.研究表明:本文解答具有广泛的适用性和良好的可比性,并得到文献塑性解答的退化验证;冻胀力、洞壁位移与塑性区半径随冻融次数增加分别增大20.3%、8.44倍、2.16倍,以量化长期冻融循环造成围岩性能的劣化效应;冻结围岩由均匀冻胀转变为不均匀冻胀时冻胀力增大42.8%,但塑性区半径几乎无变化;4种体积冻胀率参数均显著影响冻胀力,尤其是水热迁移系数可使冻胀力增大123.6%.本文结果可为季冻区隧道设计与冻害问题解决提供一定的理论依据.     

A Group-Period Phase Comparison Method Based on Equivalent Phase Comparison Frequency

Based on the principle of equivalent phase comparison frequency, we propose a group-period phase comparison method. This method can be used to reveal the inherent relations between periodic signals and the change laws of the phase difference. If these laws are applied in the processing of the mutual relations between frequency signals, phase comparison can be accomplished without frequency normalization. Experimental results show that the method can enhance the measurement resolution to 10-13/s in the time domain.     

A super-high resolution frequency standard measuring approach based on phase coincidence characteristics between signals

A method for super high resolution comparison measurement is proposed in this paper with a comparison between the frequency standards of different nominal frequencies, which is based on phase coincidence detection of the two compared signals. It utilizes the regular phase shift characteristics between the signals. The resolution of the measurement approach can reach 10-13/s at 5 MHz, and the self-calibration resolution can achieve 10-14/s in the comparison between 10 MHz and 100 MHz, or even can reach 10-15/s in the comparison between 10 MHz and 190 MHz. This method implies significant progress in the development of the high precision frequency standard comparison technology.     

冻融循环和不均匀冻胀下寒区隧道的塑性解答

季冻区长期冻融循环造成围岩强度和变形性能劣化,使得寒区隧道易进入塑性状态,且寒区隧道围岩呈现以径向冻胀为主的不均匀冻胀.合理考虑寒区隧道冻融循环对围岩性能的劣化以及围岩的不均匀冻胀属性,基于Mohr-Coulomb准则推导了寒区隧道冻胀力、应力与位移的塑性解答,同时给出相应的弹性解答和冻结围岩弹-塑性状态的判定方法,对所得解答进行讨论和对比验证,最后探讨了冻融循环、不均匀冻胀与体积冻胀率对寒区隧道应力分布、塑性区半径、洞壁位移和冻胀力的影响规律.研究表明:本文解答具有广泛的适用性和良好的可比性,并得到文献塑性解答的退化验证;冻胀力、洞壁位移与塑性区半径随冻融次数增加分别增大20.3%、8.44倍、2.16倍,以量化长期冻融循环造成围岩性能的劣化效应;冻结围岩由均匀冻胀转变为不均匀冻胀时冻胀力增大42.8%,但塑性区半径几乎无变化;4种体积冻胀率参数均显著影响冻胀力,尤其是水热迁移系数可使冻胀力增大123.6%.本文结果可为季冻区隧道设计与冻害问题解决提供一定的理论依据.     

A Novel Frequency Measurement Method Suitable for a Large Frequency Ratio Condition

As for the obstacles to direct comparison between superhigh and lower frequencies, we accomplish the accurate comparison between low and microwave frequencies with the 10^5 ratios of the operating frequencies on the basis of phase comparison between the signals whose frequencies are related by an arbitrary integer. This method is simple and accurate, and will be widely used as a special frequency comparison approach.