非线性耗散对亚稳态系统量子衰变速率的影响

发展了一种快速傅里叶变换路径积分方法，研究非线性耗散系统的量子衰变速率，得到了Bounce轨道的作用量S_B，即衰变速率的指数因子.在系统与环境存在非线性耦合f(x)=tanh［λ(x-x_b)］的情形下，发现其对衰变速率具有抑制作用.指数因子随温度T的关系不再满足S_B=a［1-b(T/T_c)²］法则；与通常的线性耗散情形相比，跨越温度T_c回升，即系统更早地进入穿透区域. 关键词： 量子衰变 非线性耦合 路径积分 快速傅里叶变换     

大气气溶胶粒径分布的多波长激光雷达反演

提出一种基于正则化方法改进的气溶胶微物理特性反演算法,通过引入模式半径范围作为先验约束,并对差异最小值附近的解进行平均,以解决反演时存在的欠定问题。对1500组不同类型的气溶胶粒径分布进行仿真,测试了所提反演算法对气溶胶微物理特性参数的反演精度与稳定性。考虑在20%随机高斯噪声的影响下,90%以上气溶胶的有效半径、体积浓度和表面积浓度反演相对误差可被控制在±33%、±45%和±50%范围内。误差统计结果表明,所提算法基于多波长的气溶胶光学特性,可实现对气溶胶粒径分布的可靠反演。     

钙钛矿型SrSnO3纳米棒的合成

采用表面活性剂CTAB(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)辅助水热法制备了SrSn(OH)6前躯体,将SrSn(OH)6前躯体600 ℃热处理3 h合成了钙钛矿立方SrSnO3一维纳米棒.通过热重-差热分析(TG-DTA)、X射线衍射图谱(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对所合成样品进行了表征.结果表明,水热体系的pH值以及水热温度是影响所得产物纯度和结晶度的重要因素.在合成过程中,表面活性剂CTAB对样品纳米棒结构的生长具有关键作用.     

不同磨料对蓝宝石晶片化学机械抛光的影响研究

本文制备了几种含不同磨料(SiC、Al2O3不同粒径SiO2)的抛光液,通过纳米粒度仪分析磨料粒径分布,采用原子力显微镜观察磨料的粒径大小.研究了不同磨料对蓝宝石晶片化学机械抛光(CMP)的影响,利用原子力显微镜检测抛光前后蓝宝石晶片表面粗糙度.实验结果表明,在相同的条件下,采用SiC、Al2O3作为磨料时,材料去除速率与表面粗糙度均不理想;而采用含1;粒径为110 nm SiO2的抛光液,材料的去除速率最高为41.6 nm/min,表面粗糙度Ra=2.3 nm;采用含1;粒径为80 nm SiO2的抛光液,材料的去除速率为36.5 nm/min,表面粗糙度最低Ra=1.2 nm.     

The 50 nm-thick yttrium iron garnet films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

Yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films possessing both perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and low damping would serve as ideal candidates for high-speed energy-efficient spintronic and magnonic devices. However, it is still challenging to achieve PMA in YIG films thicker than 20 nm, which is a major bottleneck for their development. In this work, we demonstrate that this problem can be solved by using substrates with moderate lattice mismatch with YIG so as to suppress the excessive strain-induced stress release as increasing the YIG thickness. After carefully optimizing the growth and annealing conditions, we have achieved out-of-plane spontaneous magnetization in YIG films grown on sGGG substrates, even when they are as thick as 50 nm. Furthermore, ferromagnetic resonance and spin pumping induced inverse spin Hall effect measurements further verify the good spin transparency at the surface of our YIG films.     

Stable single helical C-and I-chains inside single-walled carbon nanotubes

The helicity of stable single helical carbon chains and iodine chains inside single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)is studied by calculating the systematic van der Waals interaction energy.The results show that the optimal helical radius increases linearly with increasing tube radius,which produces a constant separation between the chain structure and the tube wall.The helical angle exhibits a ladder-like decrease with increasing tube radius,indicating that a large tube can produce a small helicity in the helical structures.