Divergent Synthesis of Oxa-Cyclic Nitrones through Gold(I)-Catalyzed 1,3-Azaprotio Transfer of Propargylic α-Ketocarboxylate Oximes: Experimental and DFT Studies

1,3-Azaprotio transfer of propargylic α-ketocarboxylate oximes, a new type of alkynyl oximes featuring an ester tether, has been explored by taking advantage of gold catalysis. The incorporation of an oxygen atom to the chain of alkynyl oximes led to the formation of two different oxa-cyclic nitrones. It was found that internal alkynyl oximes with an E-configuration deliver five-membered nitrones, whereas terminal alkynyl oximes with an E-configuration afford six-membered nitrones. DFT calculations on four possible pathways supported a stepwise formation of C−N and C−H bonds, in which a 1,3-acyloxy-migration competes with the 1,3-azaprotio-transfer, especially in the case of internal alkynyl oximes. The relative nucleophilic properties of oxygen in the carbonyl group and the nitrogen in the oxime, the electronic effects of alkynes, and the influence of the ring system have been investigated computationally.     

Diastereoselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Piperidines through Visible-Light-Driven Silylative Cyclization of Aza-1,6-Dienes: Experimental and DFT Studies

A visible-light-driven radical silylative cyclization of aza-1,6-dienes featuring an acrylonitrile or acrylate moiety and an electron-neutral olefin was developed, which allows for stereoselective synthesis of densely functionalized piperidines in a highly atom-economical manner. Depending on the substitution pattern of the electron-neutral olefin, poor-to-excellent diastereoselectivity was observed. It was suggested that the 6-exo-trig cyclization was initiated by a chemoselective addition of silyl radical toward electron-deficient olefin and the geometry of the remaining olefin is closely associated with the cis-stereoselectivity. DFT calculations supported that a transition state with a cyano group locating at the axial position of the forming piperidine ring might be involved, in which either the increase of 1,3-diaxial repulsion or the lack of hydrogen bonding interaction will diminish diastereoselectivity.     

气动毛细管微滴进样-化学发光法测定酚磺乙胺

传统的化学发光(CL)分析有分立式取样和流动注射式两种方式,各有优缺点,目前国内外的仪器都采用手动进样或电动进样方法,速度和进样量均很难精确控制,对微升级的样品尤为困难,另外也无法实现在线分析。本文提出的气动毛细管微滴进样化学发光(AFCM-CL)检测法是以气体压力作为     

P-Twisted Affine Lie Algebras and Their Associated Vertex Algebras

For any finite-dimensional semisimple Lie algebra g, a Z₊-graded vertex algebra is construsted on the vacuum representation V_k(\hat{g}[ θ]) of \hat{g}[θ], which is a one-dimentional central extension of θ-invariant subspace on the loop algebra Lg=g\otimes C((t^1/p)).     

Michael addition-based cyclization strategy in the total synthesis of Lycopodium alkaloids

Lycopodium alkaloids, a unique family of biologically important natural products isolated and characterized from various species of Lycopodium (sensu lato), have attracted extensive attention from chemists and pharmacists in the past three decades. Michael addition-based cyclization has been successfully employed as an elegant and efficient ring-construction protocol of constructing key cyclohexanone intermediates in the total synthesis of Lycopodium alkaloids. This mini-review chooses and summarizes several representative total syntheses of various Lycopodium alkaloids in which intramolecular Michael addition severed as the key methodology.     

Syntheses of Chiral Acyclic Natural Products from Sugar

The syntheses of several biologically interesting acyclic natural products such as LTA, 1, LTB₄ 8, mosquito oviposition attractant pheromone 46 and cytotoxic annonaceous acetogenin corossolone 57 and corossoline 58 from sugars in our laboratory are reviewed.     

Expeditious total syntheses of camptothecin and 10-hydroxycamptothecin

New expeditious total syntheses of (S)-camptothecin (16% overall yield, 95% ee) and (S)-10-hydroxycamptothecin (14% overall yield, 99% ee) have been accomplished, respectively, starting from readily available and inexpensive materials. Development, optimization, and successful application of the cascade reaction consisting of a pyrrolidine-catalyzed Michael addition, an intramolecular aldol condensation, and an oxidative aromatization, the intramolecular oxa Diels-Alder cycloaddition, and the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation make these two new syntheses more efficient and straightforward.     

Short and efficient total synthesis of luotonin A and 22-hydroxyacuminatine using a common cascade strategy

Total syntheses of 22-hydroxyacuminatine and luotonin A were achieved in direct fashion and high overall yields (16% in eight steps and 47% in five steps, respectively). A mild cascade methodology was successfully applied in both syntheses as a common strategy. The new approach presents the advantages of short routes, high overall yields, use of stable intermediates, and ease of operations.     

Target-oriented multifunctional organocatalysis for enantioselective synthesis of bicyclo[3.3.1]nona-2,6-dien-9-ones. A formal asymmetric synthesis of huperzine A

A target-oriented highly enantioselective multifunctional organocatalytic approach has been developed to construct the bicycle-[3.3.1]nona-2,6-dien-9-one core of (?)-huperzine A for the first time, with up to 95% ee in the gram-scale procedure. The newly established methodology is also eligible to synthesize a variety of bicyclo[3.3.1]nona-2,6-dien-9-ones in high enantiopurities, and thus is useful for the future development of novel huperzine A analogs with medicinal interests.     

时间分辨-后化学发光法同时测定阿米卡星和氢氯噻嗪

根据阿米卡星、氢氯噻嗪在过氧化单硫酸盐(PMS)-鲁米诺(Luminol)体系中的化学发光反应的动力学性质有着明显的差异性,建立了同时测定阿米卡星和氢氯噻嗪新的时间分辨后化学发光的方法。在PMS-鲁米诺体系中,氢氯噻嗪化学发光反应较快,1 s达到最大值,峰尖锐;而阿米卡星化学发光反应较慢,37.9 s后达到最大值,峰平缓,且其动力学曲线呈现出随时间分开的两个独立的发光峰,互不干扰。结果表明;氢氯噻嗪和阿米卡星的线性范围分别为8.0×10-5～4.0×10-3g/L和8.0×10-4～4.0×10-2g/L;11次平行测定4.0×10-4g/L氢氯噻嗪溶液和4.0×10-3g/L阿米卡星溶液的化学发光强度相对标准偏差分别为2.4%和3.7%。本方法测定氢氯噻嗪和阿米卡星的检出限分别为2.0×10-5和2.0×10-4g/L。