A hybrid composite of rhenium complexes covalently grafted on reduced graphene oxide/hydrogenated TiO2 as an efficient catalyst for CO2 reduction under visible light

Research on Chemical Intermediates - The photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to fuels by light is of research interest owing to its relevance to environment and energy concerns. In this work, a hybrid...     

Perfluorinated rare earth metals catalyzed nitration of aromatic compounds

The nitration of aromatic compounds can be carried out in the presence of perfluorinated rare earth metal catalyst without halogenated organic solvent.     

Lithium heptadecafluorooctanesulfonate catalyzed Mannich-type and aza-Diels-Alder reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide

The Mannich-type reaction of imines with (1-methoxy-2-methylpropenyloxy)trimethylsilane and aza-Diels-Alder reaction of imines with Danishefsky's diene can be carried out in scCO₂ in the presence of lithium heptadecafluorooctanesulfonate which offer a way to synthesize β-amino carbonyl compounds and nitrogen-containing six-membered ring compounds under environmentally benign conditions.     

手性胺酰胺型液相色谱手性固定相的制备及几种氨基酸衍生物的拆分

用(R)-1-苯基2-对甲基苯基乙基胺(PTE)与L-异亮氨酸制得含两个手性中心的手性选择剂,以琥珀酸酐作为连接臂,将手性选择剂键合到氨基丙基硅胶上制得手性固定相。以正己烷-异丙醇为流动相,利用该固定相对氨基酸衍生物进行高效液相色谱手性拆分,并考察了流动相中异丙醇含量对手性拆分的影响。结果表明,该手性固定相对所分析的氨基酸衍生物大部分都具有一定的拆分能力。当异丙醇含量为1%时,亮氨酸与苯丙氨酸的苯甲酰甲酯衍生物获得基线分离。当异丙醇含量为20%时,亮氨酸、缬氨酸、丙氨酸、谷氨酸的3,5-二硝基苯甲酰甲酯衍生物获得基线分离。     

Electrophilic aromatic nitration using perfluorinated rare earth metal salts in fluorous phase

In this paper, we describe a practical, useful electrophilic aromatic nitration process in fluorous phase by using perfluorodecalin (C10F18, cis- and trans-mixture) as a fluorous solvent and perfluorinated rare earth metal salt [Yb(OSO2C8F17)3] as a catalyst for the electrophilic aromatic nitration.     

Interfacial electron transfer dynamics in dye-modified graphene oxide nanosheets studied by single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy

Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets have received a great deal of attention for a wide range of applications from optoelectronic devices to biological sensors. We now report a mechanistic study of the interfacial electron transfer (ET) processes between organic dye molecule, 9-phenyl-2,3,7-trihydroxy-6-fluorone (PF), and nanometre-sized GO sheets using ensemble-averaged and single-molecule spectroscopies. The ET dynamics was characterized by the direct observation of the PF radical cation during the laser flash photolysis, and its reaction rate was determined to be ~10(11) s(-1). The single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy was utilized to clarify the heterogeneous nature of the interfacial ET within individual composites. Their fluorescence lifetimes and spectra were found to vary from composite to composite, possibly due to the different local structures and molecular interactions. The autocorrelation analysis of fluorescence intensity trajectories also revealed the temporal fluctuation of the ET reactivity.     

Zirconium triflate-catalyzed reactions of indole, 1-methylindole, and pyrrole with α,β-unsaturated ketone

The Zr(OTf)₄-catalyzed reaction of indole, 1-methylindole or pyrrole with α,β-unsaturated ketone generated the corresponding trisindolyl-, tris(1-methylindolyl-), and trispyrrolylalkanes in moderate to high yields in the mixed solvent EtOH/H₂O.     

Mannich-type reaction of (1-methoxy-2-methylpropenyloxy)trimethylsilane with arylaldehydes and aromatic amines catalyzed by perfluorinated rare earth metal salts in fluorous phase

In this paper, we describe a useful Mannich-type reaction in fluorous phase. By use of perfluorodecalin (C₁₀F₁₈, cis- and trans-mixture) as a fluorous solvent and perfluorinated rare earth metal salts such as Sc(OSO₂C₈F₁₇)₃ or Yb(OSO₂C₈F₁₇)₃ (2.0 mol%) as a catalyst, the Mannich-type reaction of arylaldehydes with aromatic amines and (1-methoxy-2-methylpropenyloxy)trimethylsilane can be performed for many times without reloading the catalyst and the fluorous solvent.     

Probability density function of velocity fluctuations in a rectangular T-junction duct

The streamwise and the spanwise velocity time series are measured from the wall to the centre of the cross duct for the flow in a rectangular T-junction duct, which is similar to airflow conditions of high-speed train ventilation system. The turbulent statistical properties are reported at three streamwise locations which correspond to the upstream/downstream and the centreline of the T-junction (x/D?=?±1 and 0, respectively). Turbulence intensities, skewness and flatness factor, as well as probability density functions, have been investigated at the range of Re_τ?=?5400–8700. Furthermore, the multiscale properties of the flatness factor are analysed by using orthogonal wavelet transform. It is found that the turbulent intensities remain a constant in the centre region for three streamwise locations while they are weakened in the turbulent boundary layer at x/D?=?1 by effect of suction. The location of the strongest intermittency is located at y/h?=?0.56 for x/D?=??1 and 0. While at downstream of T-junction (x/D?=?1), the location of the strongest intermittency shifts down to y/h?=?0.28. Also, the wavelet flatness factor is more clearly distinguished the intermittency of the small-scale turbulent structure compared with the conventional flatness factor and, the obtained experimental data are fitted and used to predict the mean streamwise velocity profiles.