一种新型双吡啶悬臂Mn(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、晶体结构及DNA结合能力研究

通过3,3′-((乙烷-1,2-二基双(2-甲基吡啶杂氮二基)双(亚甲基))双(2-羟基-5-甲基苯甲醛)与2-羟基-1,3-丙二胺的缩合反应得到一种具有双吡啶悬臂的双核锰配合物。通过X射线单晶衍射确定了该配合物结构,结果显示其分子式为[Mn₂(C₃₇H₄₃N₆O₆)]·(ClO₄)₂。该配合物属于单斜晶系,P2₁/c空间群,晶胞参数为:a=1.096 50(19) nm, b=1.419 5(3) nm, c=3.109 4(5) nm, β=108.153(5)°。进一步分析表明两个二价锰离子分别与(N_amine)₂(N_imine)₂O₃和(N_imine)₂O₄体系配位,它们与配位原子形成的几何构型分别是十面体和扭曲的八面体。两个中心锰离子距离为0.331 6 nm,由酚氧原子和醋酸根共同桥联。另外,本文也利用伏安法和黏度法对该配合物与小牛胸腺DNA的结合能力进行研究,实验结果表明它们之间的结合方式为弱的插入作用。     

13C chemical shift tensors in MOF α-Mg3(HCOO)6: Which component is more sensitive to host-guest interaction?

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of important porous materials with many current and potential applications. Their applications almost always involve the interaction between host framework and guest species. Therefore, understanding of host–guest interaction in MOF systems is fundamentally important. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is an excellent technique for investigating host–guest interaction as it provides information complementary to that obtained from X-ray diffraction. In this work, using MOF α-Mg₃(HCOO)₆ as an example, we demonstrated that ¹³C chemical shift tensor of organic linker can be utilized to probe the host–guest interaction in MOFs. Obtaining ¹³C chemical shift tensor components (δ₁₁, δ₂₂, and δ₃₃, where δ₁₁ ≥ δ₂₂ ≥ δ₃₃) in this MOF is particularly challenging as there are six coordinatively equivalent but crystallographically non-equivalent carbons in the unit cell with very similar local coordination environment. Two-dimensional magic-angle-turning experiments were employed to measure the ¹³C chemical shift tensors of each individual crystallographically non-equivalent carbon in three microporous α-Mg₃(HCOO)₆ samples with different guest species. The results indicate that the δ₂₂ component (with its direction approximately being co-planar with the formate anion and perpendicular to the C−H bond) is more sensitive to the adsorbate molecules inside the MOF channel due to the weak C−H···O hydrogen bonding or the ring current effect of benzene. The ¹³C isotropic chemical shift, on the other hand, seems much less sensitive to the subtle changes in the local environment around formate linker induced by adsorption. The approach described in this study may be used in future studies on host–guest interaction within MOFs.     

间二甲苯分子在不同外电场下结构和解离特性研究

间二甲苯是挥发性有机物(VOCs, Volatile Organic Compounds)的关键活性成分,研究其在外电场下的性质十分重要.采用密度泛函理论(DFT),在B3LYP/6-311G++基组水平上对间二甲苯分子进行优化,从分子结构研究了不同外电场(-0.025 a.u.～0.025 a.u.)作用下,间二甲苯分子的总能量,键长,电偶极矩,前线轨道,红外光谱和解离势能面.计算结果表明,沿两甲基中C原子连线方向的电场(-0.025 a.u.～0.025 a.u.)增加时,分子总能量和能隙先增大后减小,电偶极矩先减小后增加.通过计算发现外电场对间二甲苯分子不同键长和不同振动模式的红外光谱的影响均有所不同.间二甲苯分子的解离特性表现为:沿两甲基中C原子连线方向施加强度超过0.047 a. u.的电场时,位于电场增加方向的甲基与苯环之间起连接作用的C-C键断裂.以上计算结果可为利用电场降解间二甲苯提供重要理论参考.     

高维数据均值的统计监测

本文,我们结合统计过程控制方法,使用一种新的统计量用于在样本数量不充足的情况下监测高维数据。统计量利用样本协方差规范化技术避免协方差矩阵的奇异性,同时采用软阈值技术来挑选多维数据中重要的维度进行监测以减少监测噪音。本文在提出统计量后用matlab随机产生各种维度的高维数据样本进行仿真分析,并将该统计量与基于Hotelling T~2并采取广义逆矩阵的统计量进行比较。结果表明,本文使用的统计量的监测效果优于采取广义逆矩阵的方法。本文提出的方法可以应用于多指标产品生产的快速异常检测,特别是难以得到大量检测数据的产品,如检测需要破坏产品本身或者检测成本太高的产品。     

Design and synthesis of the honeycomb PtSnNa/ZSM-5 monolithic catalyst for propane dehydrogenation

A novel PtSnNa/ZSM-5 monolithic catalyst was designed and synthesized for the propane dehydrogenation reaction, which was a significant transformation in industry. Experimental results showed that although the propane conversion and the propylene selectivity gradually fell down along with the reaction time, the descent speed of the PtSnNa/ZSM-5 monolithic catalyst was slower than that of the granule catalyst and the propane conversion and propylene selectivity of the reaction with monolithic catalyst still remained at a high level after 12 hr. The monolithic catalyst had regular pore structure that facilitated the separation of the product from the catalyst and reduced the limitation on internal and external diffusion and mass transfer, and led to the high catalytic activity and stability. The catalyst could be easily fabricated and was of highly industrial application potential.     

乏燃料贮存格架跌落事故冲击分析和试验验证

乏燃料贮存格架是核电厂贮存乏燃料的重要设备，在满载条件下和地震/跌落事故中，都应保持稳定和安全状态．本文基于LS-DYNA对乏燃料贮存格架进行了跌落事故冲击分析，考虑了最重重物从可能最高处意外跌落的情况．分析时考虑了碰撞、几何大变形、材料非线性等非线性因素．分析发现，浅跌落情况下贮存格架变形较大，但为局部变形，冲击载荷不影响贮存格架的安全功能．深跌落情况下，组件跌落在支座上方时支座承受的载荷最大，并在许用载荷范围内．为确保核电厂安全性和可靠性，基于分析得到的现象，设计和开展了乏燃料贮存格架浅跌落和深跌落试验．试验采用了等比例贮存腔和真实燃料组件的管座．同时对试验件进行了跌落分析，并与试验结果进行了对比，验证了分析技术的保守性和准确性．掌握的分析技术可应用于所有压水堆核电站乏燃料贮存格架的跌落事故分析．     

Simultaneous quantitation of 23 bioactive compounds in Tanreqing capsule by high‐performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

Tanreqing capsule (TRQC) is a formulation frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat pyrexia, cough, expectoration and pharyngalgia. Since the pharmacological action of traditional Chinese medicines is closely related to their complex and diverse constituents, understanding the exact composition of TRQC is important to elucidate its clinical effectiveness and mechanism of action as well as to establish quality control methods and resolve safety issues. Herein, we employed high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for the simultaneous quantitation of 23 bioactive compounds in five batches of TRQC; the analytes could be categorized into five types: organic acids (seven compounds), flavonoids (10 compounds), iridoids (two compounds), phenylethanoid glycosides (two compounds) and bile acids (two compounds). The calibration curves for all analytes showed good linearity (r > 0.9953), and the inter‐ and intra‐day precisions did not exceed 4.94 and 4.97%, respectively. The recoveries varied from 90.47% to 109.80%; the corresponding relative standard deviations (RSDs) did not exceed 4.94%; and the repeatability (RSD < 4.72%) and stability (RSD < 4.88%) were also within acceptable limits. Thus, this study can be viewed as a fundamental reference for setting comprehensive TRQC quality standards.     

Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy: A Powerful Technique to Directly Study Small Gas Molecules Adsorbed in Metal–Organic Frameworks

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great potential in gas separation and storage, and the design of MOFs for these purposes is an on-going field of research. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) spectroscopy is a valuable technique for characterizing these functional materials. It can provide a wide range of structural and motional insights that are complementary to and/or difficult to access with alternative methods. In this Concept article, the recent advances made in SSNMR investigations of small gas molecules (i.e., carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen gas and light hydrocarbons) adsorbed in MOFs are discussed. These studies demonstrate the breadth of information that can be obtained by SSNMR spectroscopy, such as the number and location of guest adsorption sites, host–guest binding strengths and guest mobility. The knowledge acquired from these experiments yields a powerful tool for progress in MOF development.     

Ni单原子催化剂表面CO2电还原动力学的电化学谱学解析

针对Ni单原子催化剂表面的CO₂电还原反应(CO₂RR), 提出了以Ni为活性位点的“单中心”机理以及同时借助Ni位点还原和碳氮锚定位水解的“双功能”机理. 依据稳态极化的实验结果, 开展了CO₂RR的动力学解析与模型参数的敏感性分析; 借助暂态模型方程, 分别获取可表达CO₂RR线性与非线性频响特征的电化学阻抗谱(EIS)与总谐波失真(THD)谱. 研究结果表明, CO₂的溶解分压对CO₂RR活性影响最显著. 若CO₂RR遵循“单中心”机理, Ni位点COOH_ads的形成为速率控制步骤; 但若为“双功能”机理, 碳氮锚定位的水解与Ni位点的CO_2,ads还原同为速率控制步骤. EIS理论上可用于区分CO₂RR的“单中心”机理与“双功能”机理; 与之相比, THD谱在CO₂RR的机理识别中并无优势.     

离子液体修饰对Cu/USY催化乙炔氢氯化反应性能的影响

为了提高Cu/USY催化剂在乙炔氢氯化反应中的催化活性,设计并成功制备了一系列离子液体修饰的分子筛负载的铜基催化剂(Cu@TPPB/USY).当铜和TPPB的百分含量均为15时,在反应温度为160℃,乙炔气体空速为120 h-1,氯化氢与乙炔的摩尔比为1.25:1的条件下,催化剂的乙炔转化率提升了1.17倍,氯乙烯选择性一直保持在98%以上.结合催化剂的傅里叶红外(FT-IR)、 N2物理吸脱附(BET)、热重分析(TG)、 X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电镜(TEM)、 X射线衍射(XRD)、氢气程序升温还原(H2-TPR)和等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)的表征,认为TPPB的修饰不仅可以促进催化剂中Cu物种的分散,抑制其还原和流失,还能减少催化剂表面积碳、增强Cu活性物种与载体间的相互作用力,有效地提高Cu/USY催化剂的催化活性.