Absolute CO2/Xenon Separation in Ultramicropore MOF for Anesthetic Gases Regeneration

Xe is an ideal anesthetic gas, but it has not been widely used in practice due to its high cost and low output. Closed-circuit Xe recovery and recycling is an economically viable method to ensure adequate supply in medical use. Herein, we design an innovative way to recover Xe by using a stable fluorinated metal-organic framework (MOF) NbOFFIVE-1-Ni to eliminate CO₂ from moist exhaled anesthetic gases. Unlike other Xe recovery MOFs with low Xe/CO₂ selectivity (less than 10), NbOFFIVE-1-Ni could achieve absolute molecular sieve separation of CO₂/Xe with excellent CO₂ selectivity (825). Mixed-gas breakthrough experiments assert the potential of NbOFFIVE-1-Ni as a molecular sieve adsorbent for the effective and energy-efficient removal of carbon dioxide with 99.16 % Xe recovery. Absolute CO₂/Xe separation in NbOFFIVE-1-Ni makes closed-circuit Xe recovery and recycling can be easily realized, demonstrating the potential of NbOFFIVE-1-Ni for important anesthetic gas regeneration under ambient conditions.     

An Electrochemical Way to Generate Amphiphiles from Hydrazones for the Synthesis of 1,2,4-Triazole Scaffold Cyclic Compounds

An electro-oxidative cyclization pathway in which hydrazones are selected as starting materials to generate amphiphiles by reacting with benzylamines and benzamides was reported. This strategy successfully prepared a series of 1,2,4-triazoles in satisfactory yields. Moreover, the use of cheap stainless steel as the anode, the feasibility to conduct the transformation as a one-pot reaction and the proof that scaling-up these reactions is possible make this transformation attractive for potential application in industry.     

Improving effect of boron carbide on the combustion and thermal oxidation characteristics of amorphous boron

Boron carbide (B₄C) is one of the main products from the primary combustion of boron (B)-based propellants and has a significant influence on the secondary combustion of B. To systematically evaluate its effects on the secondary combustion of B, mixtures of B₄C and B in different mass ratios were prepared. To study the ignition temperatures and combustion flames of the samples, a xenon lamp ignition experimental system and a flame shape test system were designed, respectively. A thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined thermal analysis system was used to study the thermal oxidation characteristics and analyze the gaseous products of the samples. The results indicate that B₄C reduces the heat absorption at the beginning of the ignition, but subsequently prevents the rapid rise of sample temperature. During the stable combustion stage, the maximum flame length under optical density 10⁻⁴ (OD4) filter was 20.4 mm, and the maximum flame length under 580 nm + OD4 filters (represents the combustion of B element) was 16.7 mm. The samples contained a small amount of HBO₂ and H₃BO₃, which led to slight mass loss during the low temperature section of the thermal oxidation process. During the high temperature section, the oxidation of B and B₄C caused considerable mass gain. The gaseous products of the thermal oxidation process include CO₂, CO, and H₂O. In general, the B content of 60% was the most beneficial to decrease the oxidation temperature, increase the combustion intensity, and improve the heat-releasing ability of the samples.

     

低渗透微尺度孔隙气体渗流规律

微尺度条件下气体流动特性的研究是现代渗流力学前沿领域之一．分析了低渗透岩石饱和气体渗流实验结果，探索了微尺度孔隙气体渗流规律，探讨了气体非线性渗流力学机理，发现了低渗透岩石微尺度孔隙气体与液体渗流遵循同一形式的运动定律，建立了气体与液体非线性运动定律统一模型．结果表明：新模型与实验结果吻合很好，为微尺度孔隙气体微流动特性研究提供了新的理论依据，对工程地质环境保护及地下流体资源开发有重要指导意义．     

建筑物内火灾烟羽流和顶蓬射流诱发的空气运动盐水模拟实验研究

盐水在清水中的扩散与火灾烟气在空气中的蔓延相似，因而可用盐水的扩散来模拟火灾烟气的蔓延；同样地，由于盐水的扩散而导致的环境清水的运动也可用来模拟烟气蔓延诱发的空气运动。基于这一原理，本文用实验的方法，研究了建筑物内初起火灾产生的烟羽流和顶蓬射流所诱发的空气运动，并对走廊空气层生长规律和运动特性进行了初步的测量和分析。所得结果基本合理，对建筑物通风排烟及疏散通道设计有帮助，从而为建筑火灾环境空气的运动的实验研究开辟了新的思路，也为火灾区域模拟提供了实验依据     

Large‐scale Experimental Study on the Effects of Flooring Materials on Combustion Behavior of Thermoplastics

The effects of flooring materials on the combustion behavior of thermoplastics is investigated. Based on the ISO 9705 fire test setup, an experimental rig was designed. Full‐scale experiments of PP combustion were carried out using five flooring boards, namely gypsum, steel, wood, ceramic tile and PVC. The experimental results indicate that the flooring boards play an important role in the heat release rates of typical thermoplastics combustion. Specifically, the time for the sharp increase of heat release rate is generally later for the flooring boards with larger thermal conductivity, except for the case of PVC. Preliminary analyses suggest that the reason for the exception of PVC is the expansion and carbonization of PVC at high temperature. In addition, experimental results also show that the corresponding peak heat release rate of thermoplastics combustion would be generally smaller for the flooring board with a larger thermal mass, except for the case of gypsum. The primary cause for the exception of gypsum may be the heat absorption by the crystal water released from the gypsum during the burning of hot pool oil.     

55 fs,510 mW掺铒光纤飞秒激光器

实验搭建了基于分离脉冲放大及光纤非线性压缩的掺铒光纤激光系统.通过三块长度倍增的YVO4晶体进行偏振复用,实现了八脉冲的分离与合成.探究了不同脉冲宽度的注入条件下分离脉冲主放大器的合成效率.将放大后的脉冲耦合入一段单模保偏光纤中进行非线性压缩,通过控制主放大器的抽运光功率和压缩器的光纤长度,对非线性压缩过程进行优化,获得了重复频率为80.4 MHz、平均功率为510 mW、脉冲宽度为55 fs的超短脉冲.最后,采用MgO∶PPLN晶体进行光学倍频处理,在中心波长783.4 nm处获得了平均功率为146 mW、脉冲宽度为75 fs的倍频光,相应的倍频效率为31％.     

Nano-carbides as accelerants for boron oxidation reaction

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Nano-materials are potential substitutes for micro-sized solid propellant ingredients for improving energy density and reaction activity. So far,...     

3D photon counting imaging at 1550 nm with 1.5-GHz sine-wave-gated InGaAs/InP GAPD

We demonstrated a 3D laser imaging system at 1550 nm with a 1.5-GHz sine-wave gated Geiger-mode InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode (APD). An optical fiber bundle with 100 individual fiber outputs was implemented at the focal plane of the telescope, providing a 2.5-mrad imaging view. The system used single-pixel near-infrared single-photon detector to measure photons at fiber outputs instead of a photon counting array. The 1.5-GHz gated Geiger-mode InGaAs/InP APD with a timing jitter of 290 ps was operated in quasi-continuous mode with detection efficiency of ∼4.3%. We achieved higher than 6-cm surface-to-surface resolution at single-photon level, showing a potential of low-energy and eye-safe laser imaging system for long-distance measurements.