Effects of inelastic (re)scattering processes ss→gg and gg→ss on strange hadron production in pp collisions at RHIC and LHC energies

The rapidity densities at mid-rapidity and the transverse momentum distributions for strange hadrons produced in pp collisions are analyzed using the modi ed PACIAE model by considering the effect of inelastic (re)scattering processes ss→gg and gg→ss in parton (re)scattering. The calculated results of the transverse momentum spectra of the strangeness fitting with data measured by STAR and ALICE Collabora- tions can be improved, especially at large transverse momentum levels. This demonstrates that the effect of inelastic (re)scattering processes of ss→gg and gg→ss is not negligible at RHIC and LHC energy levels.     

Effects of inelastic (re)scattering processes s→gg and gg→s on strange hadron production in pp collisions at RHIC and LHC energies

The rapidity densities at mid-rapidity and the transverse momentum distributions for strange hadrons produced in pp collisions are analyzed using the modified PACIAE model by considering the effect of inelastic (re)scattering processes s→gg and gg→s in parton (re)scattering. The calculated results of the transverse momentum spectra of the strangeness fitting with data measured by STAR and ALICE Collaborations can be improved, especially at large transverse momentum levels. This demonstrates that the effect of inelastic (re)scattering processes of s→gg and gg→s is not negligible at RHIC and LHC energy levels.     

2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯萃取镧系元素的化学

本文研究了2-乙基已基膦酸单(2-乙基已基)酯的正十二烷溶液在硝酸介质中萃取镧系元素的化学。借助MW,NMR测定和斜率法研究了萃取平衡反应。通过元素分析,IR、NMR和MW测定,对所制备的La,Nd络合物组成进行了研究。还研究了萃取反应热力学函数随镧系元素原子序数的递变规律,浓度平衡常数K_ex,—△Z_r^o和△S_r^o显示了四分组效应,测得相邻镧系元素间的平均分离因数为3.04。     

有机磷化合物的研究 ⅩⅢ.酸性磷(膦)酸酯的硅胶纸色谱分离

本文应用国产硅胶纸对酸性磷(膦)酸酯的色谱行为作了研究,并讨论了这类化合物的化学结构与硅胶纸色谱比移值(R_1)的关系。对纸的硅胶含量影响也作了探讨。本法具有操作简便、快速、色斑紧密规则、以及分离性能良好等优点。     

异丙基膦酸单烷基酯萃取稀土的化学

本文研究了不同酯烷基结构的异丙基膦酸单烷基酯萃取稀土反应的平衡常数(K_(ex))的差别。异丙基膦酸单β-取代烷基酯具有较高K_(ex)值,而相应的α-取代烷基酯的K_(ex)值则显著下降。此外,镧系收缩的特性扩大了配位体的空间效应,这类效应对化合物的pKa值也有影响。并讨论了异丙基膦酸单十四烷基酯(MANPP)萃取稀土的反应机理,测得该反应的热力学函数,不论K_(ex)值或△G值与原子序数间均具四分组效应。研究了萃取配合物的组成与结构,值得指出的是MANPP在盐酸体系中萃取分离钕、钐的性能均优于硝酸体系。     

SYNTHESIS OF ACIDIC PHOSPHATES AND PHOSPHONATES AND THEIR STRUCTURE-REACTIVITY STUDIES ON THE EXTRACTION OF NEODYMIUM, SAMARIUM,YTTERBIUM AND YTTERIUM

Methods for the synthesis of five types of acidic phosphates, phosphonates as well asohosphinates have been deseribed. The mechanism of extrastion of rare earth of these com-pounds is examined. A free energy relationship existed in plotting equilibrium constantsagainst either pKa or ∑σ values of the acidic organophosphorus compounds under investiga-tion. Steric effects play an important role in these extrastion systems as expected. Thereactivity-selectivity principles in solvent extraction proposed by our laboratory are well de-monstrated in extraction of rare earth by acidic phosphorus--based ligands.     

酸性磷(膦)酸酯的合成及其化学结构与萃取钕、钐、镱和钇的性能研究

本文在研究二烷基磷酸、烷基膦酸单烷基酯、二烷基膦酸、单烷基磷酸与单烷基膦酸五种类型酸性磷(膦)酸酯的合成与纯化的基础上,考察了它们的缔合度和萃取稀土的机理,并计算了萃取钕、钐、镱和钇的平衡常数和分离因数。酸性磷(膦)酸酯萃取稀土的平衡常数与其反应基团解离常数密切有关,它们与取代基常数、磷(膦)酸基氧原子电荷密度间均有良好线性关系。酸性磷(膦)酸酯的结构空间位阻对萃取稀土的性能有显著影响。所研究磷(膦)酸酯萃取稀土的选择性随其平衡常数的增大而下降,符合文中提出的溶剂萃取中的反应性-选择性原理。     

EXTRACTION CHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTHS BY MONO-ALKYL ISOPROPYLPHOSPHONATES

The influence of chemical structure of ester alkyl group of mono-alkyl isopropylphosphonates on the extraction behaviours of rare earth has been studied. The mono-alkyl isopropylphosphonate bearing β-substituted ester alkyl group shows high K_(ex) value, which is evidently depressed, usually in two orders of magnitude, by introducing a branch chain on the α-position of the ester alkyl group. The steric effect of ligand is usually enhanced due to the characteristic lanthanide contraction.z2The extraction chemistry of rare earths by mono-amylnonyl isopropylphosphonates (MANPP) was studied in detail The thermodynamic function was estimated and the "tetrad effect" between K_(ex) value or △G value and atomic number was observed. In addition, the composition and structure of the coordinated compound was studied. As demonstrated by the experimental data, the extractive separation of Sm and Nd by MANPP in chloride solution was better than that in nitrate system.     

β-双酮系化合物的核磁共振谱研究

本文研究了二十六种β-双酮系化合物的核磁共振谱。分析讨论了主要基团的化学位移。还讨论了中两个甲基在化学上不等性是由于结构呈晾式,而不是呈偶氮式。从3-位质子的化学位移分析表明,R¹、R²和R³的电负性是影响3-位质子化学位移的主要原因,空间效应则是很小的。我们认为R¹、R²和R³的电负性和空间效应对烯醇化都有显著作用。最后,讨论了实验结果与Shapet'ko计算结果的一致性和烯醇化的方向性,并用Shapet'ko的结果推算出一些化合物中R³对δ_OH的贡献。