Atomic structure and collision dynamics with highly charged ions

The research progresses on the investigations of atomic structure and collision dynamics with highly charged ions based on the heavy ion storage rings and electron ion beam traps in recent 20 years are reviewed. The structure part covers test of quantum electrodynamics and electron correlation in strong Coulomb field studied through dielectronic recombination spectroscopy and VUV/x-ray spectroscopy. The collision dynamics part includes charge exchange dynamics in ion-atom collisions mainly in Bohr velocity region, ion-induced fragmentation mechanisms of molecules, hydrogen-bound and van de Waals bound clusters, interference, and phase information observed in ion-atom/molecule collisions. With this achievements, two aspects of theoretical studies related to low energy and relativistic energy collisions are presented. The applications of data relevant to key atomic processes like dielectronic recombination and charge exchanges involving highly charged ions are discussed. At the end of this review, some future prospects of research related to highly charged ions are proposed.     

Cu对K-LaZrO2异丁醇合成催化剂的影响

采用X射线衍射(XRD)、程序升温脱附(TPD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱技术及富集法考察了K-LaZrO₂和K-CuLaZrO₂催化剂结构、CO和H₂在锆基催化剂上的吸附行为及异丁醇合成活性的影响. 结果表明, 催化剂添加Cu后, 与Zr形成较好的固溶体, 促进了CuO的分散, 且抑制了ZrO₂结晶, 增强Cu-Zr相互作用, 提高了催化活性. CO-TPD结果显示, 引入Cu后, 催化剂表面CO吸附量明显增加, 有利于碳链增长; H₂-TPD结果显示, 与活性相关的低温脱附氢量也明显增加. 另外, FTIR及富集法结果发现, Cu的引入促进了表面C₁物种的形成, 增加了表面C₁物种含量, 促进了碳链增长, 明显改善了异丁醇的选择性. 在p=10.0 MPa, 空速(GHSV)=3000 h^-1, T=360℃, V(H₂)/V(CO)=1:1条件下,异丁醇选择性达到48.5%.