分子内氢键——Ⅲ.2-(邻羟基苯基)喹啉及其类似物的结构和内氢键

本文通过紫外光谱、~1H核磁共振谱、质谱和HMO计算,研究了2-(邻羟基苯基)喹啉及其类似物的结构和内氢键,并估算出1-(邻羟基苯基)异喹啉的苯酚环和异喹啉环间的扭转角约70°,2-(邻羟基苯基)-8-甲氧基喹啉具三中心氢键性质。从内氢键强度与给予原子的电荷密度及内氢键稳定化能有近似的线性关系,说明2-(邻羟基苯基)喹啉的pK_a值特别高是由于它具有强的内氢键。8位氢的位阻对配合物的生成有重要影响。     

碱金属萃取化学的研究 Ⅲ.弱酸性偶氮螯合剂化学结构对萃取锂的性能影响

本文通过对-取代苯基偶氮-2-萘酚及邻-取代苯基偶氮-芳香酚两种类型共十一种螯合剂与TOPO(或TRPO)协草锂的性能研究及HMO计算,讨论了该类螫合剂与中性协萃剂协萃锂时的结构效应。结果表明:(1)对-取代苯基偶氮-2-萘酚类赘合剂的苯基偶氮的配键N原子的电荷密度q_N与羟基氧原子的电荷密度qo_H无明显变化,萃取能力只受螯合剂pK_a的影响,协萃锂的表观平衡常数随整合剂pK_a值的下降而上升;(2)邻苯基偶氮-芳香酚类螯合剂由HMO计算表明,它们的羟基氧原子的电荷密度qo_H、配键N原子的电荷密度q_N及pk_a值都发生明显的变化,它们与TRPO的协萃能力随配键强度的增加而上升,并随PK_a值的上升而下降,其中最合适的结构是1-OH-2-(C_6H_5N=N)-C_(10)H_6,它的Pk_a值较小,q_N适中,所以协萃能力最大。相反,1-(C_6H_5N=N)-8-OH-C_(10)H_6的q_N最小,pK_a居中,协萃能力最小;(3)螯合物的稳定性主要由配键控制。因此,以螯合物分子的内氢键强度Δδo_H来量度配键强度,发现螯合剂萃取锂的分配系数随其分子的Δδ_OH/pk_a值的增大而递增。     

碱金属萃取化学的研究 III:弱酸性偶氮螯合剂化学结构对萃取锂的性能研究

The synergistic extractic extraction of lithium with a solution of o-phenylazophenols (HAX) and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) or other trialkylphosphine oxide (TRPO, R = C8-10) in o-dichlorobenzene from aqueous solution of lithium hydroxide was reported. The structural effect of o-phenylazophenols on extraction of lithium has been examined. In the case of 1-(p-X-phenylazo)-2-naphthols, the HMO calculation shows that the charge density of azo nitrogen atom(the donor atom, denote azo N) and hydroxyl oxygen atom does not very apparently, so that the stability of their chelates with lithium has no obvious variations as well. In this case their ability to extract lithium is chiefly governed by the pKa. of the compound. The results of extraction prove that there is a linear correlation between the extraction constant Kex and pKa. However, for the second group of chelating agents, the change of their structure leads to the change of the change of both pKa and stability of chelates. The results of extraction and HMO calculation show that the stability of chelates is mainly influenced by the strength of the coordination bond, i.e. the larger the charge density of azo N (qN), the more stable the chelate will be. Therefore, their ability to extract lithium is roughly directly proportional to the stability of chelates and inversely to the pKa. the strength of coordination bond for the chelates can be experimentally measured by means of the strength of intramolecular hydrogen bond of chelating agent, ΔδOH (the diference of chemical shift of hydroxyl proton in free and bonded state). Therefore, the ratio, ΔδOH/pKa, can be used to evaluate the extraction ability of chelating agents to lithium. We find that it is approximately proportional to the distribution ratio (D).     

分子内氢键——Ⅱ.邻苯基偶氮芳香酚的内氢键和互变异构

本文通过羟基的化学位移(δ_OH),解离常数(pK_α),质谱外光谱的测量以及PM0和HMO计算,较详细地研究了分子内氢键强度和偶氮-醌腙式互变异构与分子结构的关系.结果表明,内氢键强度(以⊿δ_OH和⊿pK_α来衡量)与PMO和HMO计算的内氢键稳定化能(⊿BE_H)和给予氮原子上的电荷密度(q_N)有正比关系.HMO计算还表明,醌腙式异构体的稳定性(⊿BE_A-H)与⊿BE_H有很好的线性关系.当有内氢键存在时,化合物4～7的醌腙式比偶氮式稳定;而在气体离子态时,HMO计算和质谱结果都表明1～7皆以偶氮式更为稳定,且质谱碎片分布和HMO计算的断裂键的键序(P_xy)有近似的直线关系.所有的实验结果和分子轨道计算结果都证实了1～3具有偶氮式,4～7为偶极偶氮式结构.