复盐法制备无水氯化镁的热解机理及动力学研究

The complex compound (MgCl₂·C₆H₅NH₂·HCl·6H2O) was prepared by reaction of C₆H₅NH₂·HCl with MgCl₂·6H₂O. Reaction mechanism and kinetics of the compounds decomposition were studied by means of the TG-DTA-MS coupling technique and the TG-DTA technique. The results show that there are four steps in the complex′s thermal decomposition, the first two steps correspond to the loss of six crystal waters and the last two steps loss one Aniline hydrochloride. The first three steps belong to the R2 mechanism with 2-dimentional phase boundary reaction as the control step, and the last step belongs to the D3 with 3-dimensional diffusion (sphere Jander equ.) as the control step. The apparent active energy of four steps are, 127.4 kJ·mol^-1, 124.8 kJ·mol^-1, 142.3 kJ·mol^-1 and 329.0 kJ·mol^-1, respectively and the frequency factor are 1.28 × 10¹⁸ s^-1, 7.94 × 10¹⁵ s^-1, 5.98 × 10¹⁶ s^-1 and 4.39 × 10³⁴ s^-1, respectively.     

分光光度法测定萃余液中氯仿浓度

用NaOH-吡啶比色法可以测定水或某些废水中的微量CHCl3浓度,但测定N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)废水经CHCl3萃取DMF后的萃余液中CHCl3浓度时,DMF对显色的有严重的干扰。采用蒸馏预处理后,再用比色法测定蒸馏所得的馏液中CHCl3浓度的方法,可以消除废水中DMF对显色的干扰。研究了水样中DMF浓度、蒸馏汽化率等因素对比色时显色的影响,建立了蒸馏-比色法测定DMF废水萃余液中微量或大量CHCl3浓度的分析方法。对含10g/LDMF水样的测定,CHCl3的线性范围为0～0.75g/L;与顶空色谱法测定结果对比,测定CHCl3浓度为5g/L和0.16g/L水样的相对误差分别为2.1%和1.2%;对CHCl3浓度为0.575g/L的水样进行7次平行测定,相对标准偏差为6.6%。对含DMF<15g/L水样的分析,结果令人满意。     

卡尔费休容量法在六水氯化镁热解过程中氧化镁及水分测定的应用

针对六水氯化镁热解过程中MgO存在下的H2O的检测问题,对体系的取样过程及分析方法进行了改进.通过乙醇液封的方法,有效避免了无水氯化镁的吸水性问题.在卡尔费休滴定仪进样口引入保护气装置,可以减小空气中水分对滴定过程的干扰.氧化物与卡尔费休试剂的反应常被视为滴定水的干扰反应.实验表明:该反应可用于定量检测MgO.在滴定M...