植物细胞工程——冬小麦花培新品种京花1号的育成

本文用冬小麦(洛夫林18×5238-036)_(F1)×红良4号F_1花药接种到N_6培养基上,获得46株绿菌,绿菌诱导率为11.5％。其中28株结实。于H_2代选出京花1号,经H_3,H_4,H_5和H_6代的品种比较和区域试验,京花1号表现出高产质佳,抗病性好,适应性较广等特点。现已通过品种审定委员会的审定,1984年种植面积达100万亩。京花1号的培育仅用了7个世代,表明花培育种可以显著缩短育种周期。本文还讨论了花培育种的优越性。     

JINGHUA NO. 1——A WINTER WHEAT VARIETY DERIVED FROM POLLEN SPOROPHYTE

46 green plantlets were obtained by inoculating the anthers of F_1 hybrids of complicated combination ((Lovrin 18×5238-036) F_1×Hongliang No. 4) from wheat to the medium N_6 in 1977. Induced percentage of green plantlets was 11.50%. After chromosome doubling treatment, 28 plantlets set seeds. Diversity in morphological characters, growing periods and resistance to diseases were observed in H_2 generation, from which plantline for Jinghua No. 1 was selected for the first time this year. Variety comparative and regional adaptive experiments were performed in subsequent H_3, H_4,H, and H_6 generations.The area of planting Jinghua No. 1 amounted to 7000 ha in 1984. The evaluation of Jinghua No. 1 was passed by Beijing Variety Evaluation Committee.Jinghua No. 1 is a high yield and high quality new wheat variety. It resists strongly leaf, stem and stripe rust and powdery mildew and possesses good adaptation.The development of Jinghua No. 1 took only 7 generations, among which 3 years were spent for hybridiz