Combined effects of headgroup charge and tail unsaturation of lipids on lateral organization and diffusion of lipids in model biomembranes

Lateral organization and dynamics of lipids in plasma membranes are crucial for several cellular processes such as signal transduction across the membrane and still remain elusive.In this paper,using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation,we theoretically study the combined effects of headgroup charge and tail unsaturation of lipids on the lateral organization and diffusion of lipids in ternary lipid bilayers.In neutral ternary lipid bilayers composed of saturated lipids,unsaturated lipids,and cholesterols,under the conditions of given temperature and components,the main factor for the phase separation is the unsaturation of unsaturated lipids and the bilayers can be separated into liquid-ordered domains enriched in saturated lipids and cholesterols and liquid-disordered domains enriched in unsaturated lipids.Once the headgroup charge is introduced,the electrostatic repulsion between the negatively charged lipid headgroups will increase the distance between the charged lipids.We find that the lateral organization and diffusion of the lipids in the(partially) charged ternary lipid bilayers are determined by the competition between the headgroup charge and the unsaturation of the unsaturated lipids.In the bilayers containing unsaturated lipids with lower unsaturation,the headgroup charge plays a crucial role in the lateral organization and diffusion of lipids.The headgroup charge may make the lipid domains unstable and even can suppress phase separation of the lipids in some systems.However,in the bilayers containing highly unsaturated lipids,the lateral organization and diffusion of lipids are mainly dominated by the unsaturation of the unsaturated lipids.This work may provide some theoretical insights into understanding the formation of nanosized domains and lateral diffusion of lipids in plasma membranes.     

带电纳米颗粒与相分离的带电生物膜之间相互作用的分子模拟

纳米颗粒在纳米医药、细胞成像等领域有着非常广泛的应用,深入理解纳米颗粒与生物膜之间相互作用的微观机制是纳米颗粒合成与应用的重要基础.本文采用粗粒化分子动力学模拟的方法研究了带电配体包裹的金纳米颗粒与相分离的带电生物膜之间的相互作用.结果表明,通过改变金纳米颗粒表面的配体密度、配体带电种类和比例,以及膜内带电脂分子的种类,可以方便地调控纳米颗粒在膜表面或膜内停留的位置和状态.进一步从自由能的角度分析了带电纳米颗粒与带电生物膜之间相互作用的微观物理机制.本文对纳米粒子在纳米医药、细胞成像等领域的应用具有一定的理论参考意义.     

Pr-Ce-Zr复合氧化物的结构与储氧性能研究

采用氨水共沉淀方法制备了PrxCe0.3－xZr0.7O2（x=0,0．1,0．2,0．3）复合氧化物,对样品进行了X光衍射、比表面积等表征及动态和静态储氧性能测试。结果表明,Pr进入铈锆的晶格,形成了良好的固溶体,并有效地阻止了水热老化处理造成铈锆的分相。在富锆复合氧化物中,Pr本身的氧化还原能力较弱,对固溶体的总储氧能力贡献不大;而适量Pr掺杂（10％,原子分数）可以对铈锆样品的表面改性,提高动态储放氧能力。     

Coarse-grained simulations on interactions between spectrins and phase-separated lipid bilayers

Spectrin, the principal protein of the cytoskeleton of erythrocyte, plays a crucial role in the stability and flexibility of the plasma membrane of erythrocyte. In this work, we investigate the interactions between spectrins and phase-separated lipid bilayers using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation. We focus on the preference of spectrins with different lipids, the effects of the anionic lipids and the residue mutation on the interactions between spectrins and the lipid bilayers. The results indicate that spectrins prefer to contact with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) lipids rather than with phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids, and tend to contact with the liquid-disordered (Ld) domains enriched in unsaturated PE. Additionally, the anionic lipids, which show specific interaction with the positively charged or polar amino acids on the surface of the spectrins, can enhance the attraction between the spectrins and lipid domains. The mutation leads to the decrease of the structural stability of spectrins and increases the curvature of the lipid bilayer. This work provides some theoretical insights into understanding the erythrocyte structure and the mechanism of some blood diseases.     

以皓骏设计“平面向量的数量积”的积件及教学应用

平面向量的数量积是向量与向量的内积,是矢量与标量的桥梁,密切联通了代数与几何,是几何代数化的主要工具,是发展学生数学运算、数学抽象等核心素养的重要载体.在传统的“黑板+粉笔”的教学中,至少有三个难点:其一,难以理解平面向量数量积的几何意义;其二,难以想象平面向量数量积的结果是一个标量;第三,难以发现平面向量数量积的性质.本文试图应用Hawgent皓骏设计“平面向量的数量积”的积件,破解这些难点的同时,发展学生数学抽象、直观想象等核心素养.如下概述本积件的制作原理与过程以及在教学中的主要应用.详细操作步骤请扫描二维码学习微课.