窄内径多孔层开管柱的制备及在液相色谱中的应用

近年来,微纳分离技术由于其内在的优势而受到越来越多的关注.多孔层开管柱是一种重要的微分离柱形式,与粗内径的多孔层开管柱(>25μm)相比,窄内径的多孔层开管柱具有更高的分离效率和更低的试剂消耗量.本文综述了内径≤25μm的窄内径多孔层开管毛细管柱的制备方法、与质谱检测联用技术以及在液相色谱中的应用研究进展,对其发展前景进行了展望.     

基于窄内径多孔层毛细管开管柱的纳流高效液相色谱用于N-衍生化氨基酸对映体的分离

窄内径多孔层毛细管开管柱（NPLOT柱）在生命科学领域,特别是单细胞分析领域具有较好的应用前景。本研究采用原位热引发聚合法来制备窄内径奎尼丁类手性固定相多孔层开管柱,在6 μ m i.d.的毛细管中制备有机聚合物多孔层,考察了不同热聚合时间（3、6和9 h）对NPLOT柱形貌的影响,热聚3 h和6 h制备的NPLOT柱形貌均一,多孔层厚度分别为103±51 nm和210±51 nm。将热聚合3 h制备的NPLOT柱用于纳流高效液相色谱分离N-衍生化氨基酸对映体,在2 min内即可实现基本分离,消耗的样品量仅为皮升级别。该研究将为单细胞分析提供研究手段。     

Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery in tumor therapy

The side effects of chemotherapy are mainly the poor control of drug release. Magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs) have super-paramagnetic behaviors which are preferred for biomedical applications such as in targeted drug delivery, besides, in magnetic recording, catalysis, and others. MNPs, due to high magnetization response, can be manipulated by the external magnetic fields to penetrate directly into the tumor, thus they can act as ideal drug carriers. MNPs also play a crucial role in drug delivery system because of their high surface-to-volume ratio and porosity. The drug delivery in tumor therapy is related to the sizes, shapes, and surface coatings of MNPs as carriers. Therefore, in this review, we first summarize the effects of the sizes, shapes, and surface coatings of MNPs on drug delivery, then discuss three types of drug release systems, i.e., p H-controlled, temperature-controlled, and magnetic-controlled drug release systems, and finally compare the principle of passive drug release with that of active drug release in tumor therapy.     

钾位铈掺杂黄钾铁矾的磷吸附特性及机理研究※

黄钾铁矾是一种自然界常见的含铁矿物, 它对砷酸根有一定吸附作用, 但几乎不吸附同样构型的磷酸根. 为了改善黄钾铁矾的磷吸附性质, 本研究制备了铈掺杂的黄钾铁矾, 并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、电感耦合等离子发射光谱(ICP-OES)等表征手段, 构建了铈离子占据钾离子位的结构模型. 磷吸附实验结果表明, 少量铈的掺杂可将黄钾铁矾的磷吸附容量(pH=7, 24 h)从1.69 mg/g显著提升至29.33 mg/g. 同时, 初始pH和共存阴离子对其除磷效果影响较小, 说明含铈黄钾铁矾对磷酸盐的吸附具备高选择性. 进一步分析表明, 该吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型, 吸附等温线符合Freundlich等温吸附模型, 分析结果表明吸附过程可能是易进行的化学吸附. 利用XRD及阴离子交换色谱, 证实了相比于纯黄钾铁矾, 铈的掺杂提高了黄钾铁矾的反应活性, 大幅提升了吸附过程中磷酸根与硫酸根的置换. 通过X射线光电子能谱与红外光谱表征, 推测吸附过程形成稳定的Ce—O—P化学键, 实现特异性化学吸附. 这些研究结果为含磷废水的吸附治理提供了一种新的吸附材料, 并有望为黄钾铁矾的改性和资源化利用提供参考.