MnCl_2改性γ-Al_2O_3毛细管填充柱气相色谱分析氢同位素

针对常规气相色谱填充柱分析稳定氢同位素的柱效低、峰宽大、保留时间长等问题,采用MnCl_2改性γ-Al_2O_3填充的石英毛细管柱开展了系统性柱效分析及氢同位素分析技术研究。研究结果表明,使用MnCl_2对γ-Al_2O_3进行改性后,可大大改善单纯的γ-Al_2O_3表面有序度、孔结构和吸附性质,并将正氢(o-H_2)和仲氢(p-H_2)峰洗脱在单一谱峰区域内。制备的长1.0 m、内径0.53 mm的石英毛细填充柱与热导检测器(TCD)级联测试,在体积浓度1至10 m L/L范围内有较好的线性关系,对于低浓度样品检测的相对误差不大于5%。H_2、HD和D_2的保留时间可分别缩短至39、46和60 s,检出限可分别降低至0.046、0.067和0.072 m L/L。毛细管填充柱较常规填充柱具有峰形尖锐、相邻组分分离度高、保留时间短、检出限低等优点,可用于低浓度氢同位素快速测量及氢同位素在线分析。     

N2(OH)2光致异构化机理

偶氮化合物 ,如偶氮芳烃、偶氮冠醚、偶氮环糊精等作为有机光化学开关分子具有重要的应用价值 ,已引起了人们的广泛重视[1] 。这类分子作为光化学开关的基本原理是反式的偶氮化合物在光照射下异构化为顺式构型 ,如下图所示 :长期以来 ,人们对该反应的机理持有两种不同看法[2 ,3] :一是分子平面内按角旋转机制 ,二是绕Ｎ =Ｎ键旋转的二面角机制。前者受氮上孤对电子的“阻碍” ,而后者将破坏共轭双键 ,显然两种机制在基态都很难发生 ,而如果光激发后发生ｎ→π 或π→π 跃迁 ,则两种机制均有可能发生。本文用量子化学从头算方法研究基态和激…     

全回流模式下低温精馏分离氢同位素实验

全回流是低温精馏分离氢同位素的一种重要操作模式，由于此模式下系统不受外界进料等因素的扰动，可以方便地获得再沸器加热功率对系统分离性能和温度、压力、液位等重要参数的影响。在全回流模式下，再沸器加热功率提高后，精馏柱内气液两相传质充分，因此再沸器加热功率作为可调参数可改善系统分离性能，但再沸器加热功率提高后，精馏柱内气体线速度加大，造成床层压降加大，有可能带来液泛等问题。     

Density functional study of uranyl （VI） amidoxime complexes

Uranyl (Ⅵ) amidoxime complexes are investigated using relativistic density functional theory. The equilibrium structures, bond orders, and Mulliken populations of the complexes have been systematically investigated under a generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Comparison of (acet) uranyl amidoxime complexes ([UO 2 (AO) n ] 2 n , 1≤ n ≤4) with available experimental data shows an excellent agreement. In addition, the U-O(1), U-O(3), C(1)-N(2), and C(3)-N(4) bond lengths of [UO 2 (CH 3 AO) 4 ] 2 are longer than experimental data by about 0.088, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.056 A. The angles of N(3)-O(3)-U, O(2)-N(1)-C(1), N(3)-C(3)-N(4), N(4)-C(3)-C(4), and C(4)-C(3)-N(3) are different from each other, which is due to existing interaction between oxygen in uranyl and hydrogen in amino group. This interaction is found to be intra-molecular hydrogen bond. Studies on the bond orders, Mulliken charges, and Mulliken populations demonstrate that uranyl oxo group functions as hydrogen-bond acceptors and H atoms in ligands act as hydrogen-bond donors forming hydrogen bonds within the complex.     

Density functional study of uranyl （VI） amidoxime complexes

Uranyl (VI) amidoxime complexes are investigated using relativistic density functional theory. The equilibrium structures, bond orders, and Mulliken populations of the complexes have been systematically investigated under a generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Comparison of (acet) uranyl amidoxime complexes ([UO₂(AO)_n]^2-n, 1 ≤ n ≤ 4) with available experimental data shows an excellent agreement. In addition, the U-O(1), U-O(3), C(1)-N(2), and C(3)-N(4) bond lengths of [UO₂(CH₃AO)₄]^2- are longer than experimental data by about 0.088, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.056 Å. The angles of N(3)-O(3)-U, O(2)-N(1)-C(1), N(3)-C(3)-N(4), N(4)-C(3)-C(4), and C(4)-C(3)-N(3) are different from each other, which are due to existing interaction between oxygen in uranyl and hydrogen in amino group. This interaction is found to be intra-molecular hydrogen bond. Studies on the bond orders, Mulliken charges, and Mulliken populations demonstrate that uranyl oxo group functions as hydrogen-bond acceptors and H atoms in ligands act as hydrogen-bond donors forming hydrogen bands within the complex.