胞外高钾对大鼠背根神经元超极化电流的影响

应用全细胞膜片钳技术研究了胞外高钾对大鼠背根神经元（DRG）超极化电流（Ih）的影响．结果表明,Ih随着胞外钾离子浓度的增大而增大,同时随着外加刺激电压的增高而增强．当胞外钾离子浓度[Kext]为4,8和16mmol／L时,半数激活电压V1/2分别为-98±1．9,-106±1．3（p〈0．05）和-110±1．0mV（p〈0．05）,其对应的最大电流的峰值分别为1085±340,1576±409和2124±614pA,与4mmol／L比较,后者分别增长了45％和92％．胞外高钾使,Ih激活曲线显著左移,说明高Kext改变了超极化电流的激活过程．提高细胞外钾离子浓度,可以使早期钾通道（又称快通道）的激活时间常数增大,使晚期钾通道（又称慢通道）激活时间常数减小．当胞外钾离子浓度由4mmol／L升高到8和16mmol／L时,翻转电位右移,但不具有显著性差异．结果提示,细胞外高浓度钾可增强大鼠背根神经元超极化电流,Ih,改变Ih的激活过程,从而提高了神经元的兴奋性,产生不正常的动作电位,对神经细胞产生损伤．     

计算化学在分子轨道教学中的应用

分子轨道理论是理解分子电子结构与微观性质的重要理论之一,也是本科生与研究生结构化学教学中的重点与难点。学生对原子轨道组合形成分子轨道、分子轨道能级交叉混合等知识的理解缺乏形象直观、定量的认识。本文通过基于量子化学或密度泛函理论的Gaussian 03计算软件,计算、绘制并分析了F_2、O_2、N_2、HF、CO等的分子轨道能级图,将学生较难理解的内容定量、直观地呈现出来,形象地解释了分子轨道成键原则与电子填充原则等分子轨道理论中的重难点,加深了学生对分子轨道理论的理解,特别是sp轨道混杂导致的σ_(2p_z)与π_(2p)轨道能级交叉这一难点,激发了学生学习的主动性和积极性,提高了教学质量。在此基础上,利用分子轨道理论分析了CO_2的电子结构,使学生学会应用分子轨道理论解决实际问题,巩固了相关课堂理论知识。     

A Comparison Study of Three CESE Schemes in MHD Simulation

The space-time conservation element and solution element （CESE） scheme based on the concept of space-time conservation integration scheme is a new second order numerical In order to further overcome excessive numerical damping due to small Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy （CFL） number and to obtain a high quality solution, a Courant number insensitive （CNIS） scheme and a high-order scheme have been proposed by Chang et al. for fluid mechanics problems recently. In this study, to explore the potential capability of applications of the CNIS CESE scheme and the high-order CESE scheme to magnetohydrodynamics （MHD） equations, several benchmark MHD problems are calculated in one and two dimensions： （i） Brio and Wu＇s shock tube, （ii） Dal and Woodward＇s case, （iii） the Orszag-Tang vortex problem, （iv） the Riemann problem. The numerical results just prove that the CNIS scheme is more accurate and can keep the divergence free condition of the magnetic field, even if the CFL number is 〈〈 1. Meanwhile, the tests show that the high order CESE scheme possesses the ability to solve MHD problems but is sensitive to the Courant number.     

Numerical Simulation of the 12 May 1997 CME Event

Our newly developed CESE MHD model is used to simulate sun-earth connection event with the well-studied 12 May 1997 CME event as an example. The main features and approximations of our numerical model are as follows： （1） The modifed conservation element and solution element （CESE） numerical scheme in spherical geometry is implemented in our code. （2） The background solar wind is derived from a 3D time-dependent numerical MHD model by input measured photospheric magnetic fields. （3） Transient disturbances are derived from solar surface by introducing a mass flow of hot plasma. The numerical simulation has enabled us to predict the arrival of the interplanetary shock and provided us with a relatively satisfactory comparison with the WIND spacecraft observations.     

铈在钢中固溶度的研究

应用热力学推断了铈在钢中固溶的条件,经与实验对照,两者相符。当钢中的与氧、硫亲合力强的元素含量较高,或铈含量较高,而生成铈铁金属间化合物或铈碳化合物时,便有一定的铈平衡固溶量,并从晶粒中心到边界呈现明显的铈浓度梯度分布。若钢在高温氧化气氛下处理,则其铈铁金属间化合物及铈碳化合物将逐渐被氧化形成CeO_2;当全部生成铈氧化物后,晶粒中便不再存在固溶铈。