油脂类食品中脂肪酸单氯丙醇单酯和双酯的分离测定

建立了食品中脂肪酸单氯丙醇单酯与双酯含量的测定方法。称取0.1 g的油脂样品,加入内标后,转入氨基固相萃取柱,先以6.0 mL正己烷洗脱脂肪酸单氯丙醇双酯(MCPD双酯),再以6.0 mL正己烷-乙酸乙酯混合溶剂洗脱脂肪酸单氯丙醇单酯(MCPD单酯),分别收集洗脱液并浓缩至近干,残余物经甲醇钠水解和苯基硼酸(PBA)衍生后,供气相色谱/质谱(GC-MS)分析。MCPD单酯、MCPD双酯的检出限在83~142μg/kg(均以MCPD计)之间,线性范围为25~500μg/L(R2>0.9990)。以花生油和婴幼儿奶粉脂肪提取物为基质,在250~1000μg/kg范围内进行3种浓度水平的加标回收实验,MCPD单酯与双酯的回收率在86.5%~104.0%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.4%~13.2%(n=6)。此外,本方法成功应用于市售食用植物油和婴幼儿奶粉中MCPD单、双酯的污染调查。     

Study of pure annihilation decays Bd,s→D0D0

Within the heavy quark limit and the hierarchy approximation λ_QCD<< m_D<B, we analyze the B→D⁰D⁰ and B_s→D⁰D⁰ decays, which occur purely via annihilation type diagrams. As a rough estimate, we calculate their branching ratios and CP asymmetries in the perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach. The branching ratio of B→D⁰D⁰ is about 3.8×10^－5 that is just below the latest experimental upper limit. The branching ratio of B_s→D⁰D⁰ is about 6.8×10^－4, which could be measured in LHC-b. From the calculation, it is found that this branching ratio is not sensitive to the weak phase angle γ. In these two decay modes, there exist CP asymmetries because of the interference between weak and strong interaction. However, these asymmetries are too small to be measured easily.     

Energetics of carbon and nitrogen impurities and their interactions with vacancy in vanadium

We studied the energetic behaviors of interstitial and substitution carbon(C)/nitrogen(N) impurities as well as their interactions with the vacancy in vanadium by first-principles simulations. Both C and N impurities prefer the octahedral site(O-site). N exhibits a lower formation energy than C. Due to the hybridization between vanadium-d and N/C-p, the N-p states are located at the energy from-6.00 e V to-5.00 e V, which is much deeper than that from-5.00 e V to-3.00 e V for the C-p states. Two impurities in bulk vanadium, C–C, C–N, and N–N can be paired up at the two neighboring Osites along the 111 direction and the binding energies of the pairs are 0.227 e V, 0.162 e V, and 0.201 e V, respectively.Further, we find that both C and N do not prefer to stay at the vacancy center and its vicinity, but occupy the O-site off the vacancy in the interstitial lattice in vanadium. The possible physical mechanism is that C/N in the O-site tends to form a carbide/nitride-like structure with its neighboring vanadium atoms, leading to the formation of the strong C/N–vanadium bonding containing a covalent component.