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强化生物除磷是废水生物除磷的主要技术手段。在厌氧与好氧交替运行的反应过程中,污泥中聚β羟基烷酸酯(PHA)经历了厌氧储存和好氧降解的过程,其位于1 740 cm-1吸收峰亦呈现出先增强后减弱的变化。通过比较PHA标准品的红外光谱图,实现了活性污泥PHA的红外特征归属,1 740 cm-1红外吸收峰源于PHA羰基特征吸收。利用高斯分峰法将相互重叠的PHA峰、蛋白质Ⅰ峰和蛋白质Ⅱ峰进行了分离,PHA与蛋白质Ⅰ峰的峰面积比值与PHA测定值有较好相关性,相关系数可达0.873,峰面积比值可反映污泥中PHA的变化趋势。选取1 480~1 780 cm-1区域红外光谱,经过归一化处理并转化为吸光度数据后,结合污泥样品PHA含量的色谱分析结果,应用偏最小二乘法建立了污泥样品红外光谱与PHA含量的关系模型,模型预测值与测量值具有较好的一致性,结合未知浓度活性污泥样品的红外光谱以及该关系模型,可以迅速预测未知污泥样品中的PHA含量。该方法的研究为污泥胞内PHA的快速表征和定量分析提供了新的分析方法。 相似文献
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污水处理厂及受纳水体样品的三维荧光光谱解析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用三维荧光光谱表征了污水厂各处理单元及受纳水体上下游的样品,应用平行因子分析方法获得了样品中各主成分的激发发射光谱图及荧光强度得分矩阵。结果表明,类蛋白质和类富里酸物质是污水厂和受纳水体样品的主要荧光组分。污水厂进水样品的类蛋白质荧光较强,后续各处理单元样品的荧光强度显著下降。受纳水体上游样品的类蛋白质荧光较弱,经过城区各取样点的类蛋白质荧光显著增加,而污水厂排放口上游荧光强度则显著高于下游。类蛋白质荧光强度得分可与样品COD值建立相关曲线,污水厂与受纳水体样品的相关系数分别为0.930和0.913,类蛋白质荧光可以反映样品点的有机污染程度。该研究为污水处理厂的运行及其对受纳水体影响提供了新的思路和方法。 相似文献
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Different titanium oxide powders (ATiO2, BTiO2) were pretreated in ammonia (NH3) gas at high temperatures. After the pretreatment, the color of the titanium oxide powders changed from white to yellow or gray depending on the pretreatment temperatures. Morphologies and structures of the treated titanium oxide powders were characterized by physical chemical methods. XRD measurements showed that the crystalline structures were mainly mixture of anatase and rutile for the ATiO2 but only anatase for the BTiO2. Stronger absorption of visible light was observed for both types of samples using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated that doped nitrogen existed on the surface TiO2 after ammonia gas pretreatment. The photocatalytic activities of the treated titanium oxide samples were evaluated via the photodegradation of methyl orange and phenol in aqueous suspensions. No obvious improvement in photocatalytic activity was achieved by ammonia pretreatment although it could enhance the absorption of light. Effects of treatment temperatures on photoactivities were complete different for ATiO2 and BTiO2 (i.e. higher treated temperatures yielded higher activities for BTiO2 but lower for ATiO2). All samples yielded lower activity levels after ammonia pretreatment without regard to pretreatment temperature or the reaction light resource. 相似文献
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应用微相吸附-光谱修正技术,研究了 Cu(II)、Ni(II)与酸性茜素蓝 B(AABB)在溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTAB)胶束上的配位反应,分析了表面活性剂在配位反应中的增效机理,表征了二元和三元结合物的性质.结果表明,AABB-CTAB 作用符合 Langmuir 单分子层吸附,产物结合比为1:2.5,单体聚集形式为 AABB_2·CTAB_5,在20和40℃的结合常数分别为5.95×10~5和2.48×10~5;AABB-Cu-Ni 在 CTAB 胶束上配位反应的配位比分别为 AABB:Cu=1:1,AABB:Ni=1:25,三元产物聚集态为 Co_2·AABB_2·CTAB_(80)和 Ni_5·AABB_2·CTAB_(80). 相似文献
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The coordination reactions of Cu(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) with acid alizarine blue B (AABB) in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelle were investigated using the microsurface adsorptionspectral correction technique (MSASC). The aggregation of AABB on CTAB followed the Langmuir isothermal adsorption law. The enrichment of AABB on CTAB sensitized the complexation between Cu(Ⅱ) or Ni(Ⅱ)and AABB. The binding ratio of AABB to CTAB was 1:2.5, and monomeric aggregate, AABB2CTAB5, was formed with an adsorption constant of 5.95×105 at 20 ℃ or 2.48×105 at 40 ℃. In the ternary complexation, the ratio of AABB:Cu and AABB:Ni were 1:1 and 1:2.5, respectively. Two types of aggregates, Cu2.AABB2·CTAB80 and Ni5.AABB2.CTAB80, were formed. 相似文献
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研究了NH3气氛热还原处理两种TiO2光催化剂的形态(ATiO2,BTiO2)及其活性,400和500℃处理2 h的催化剂均显示黄色,而600℃以上处理则显示深灰色.以XRD、UV-Vis分析了NH3处理TiO2的结构,XRD表明ATiO2催化剂以锐钛矿和金红石混合晶型存在,而BTiO2只有锐钛矿型.UV-Vis结果发现NH3处理的两种TiO2在可见光区域都有很强的吸收.以甲基橙和苯酚研究了紫外光和太阳光下的光催化活性,结果表明NH3处理对两种不同制备方法的TiO2光催化活性影响存在显著差异,ATiO2随氨热处理温度提高活性降低,甲基橙50 min脱色率由400℃样品的100%逐步降到700℃样品的37%;而BTiO2随处理温度提高活性增加,甲基橙50 min脱色率由400℃样品的29%逐步提高到700℃样品的88%.在可见光下,ATiO2的活性与紫外光下规律相似,而BTiO2除了500℃样品外几乎都没有活性.最后对经过NH3处理的与未经处理的BTiO2活性进行了比较,发现NH3处理导致BTiO2光催化活性显著降低. 相似文献