古龙酸结晶母液的回收利用

利用HD—8及D315二种树脂相继处理古龙酸的结晶母液，以除去其中的杂质，可以使得经二种树脂处理过的古龙酸液色素在420nm处的吸光值下降到与原液稀释12倍在420nm吸光值相当，在830nm处的吸光值下降到原来的约1／4，在280nm处的吸光值下降到原来的1／2，从而能从处理液中结晶出合格的古龙酸。经HD—8处理的古龙酸回收率为94．2％，经D315处理的古龙酸回收率为88．9%，结晶得到古龙酸成品回收率为74．6％。     

Preparation and characterization of SnS nanocrystals by a triethanolamine-assisted diethylene glycol solution synthesis

Stoichiometric, phase-controllable SnS nanocrystals (NCs) were prepared by a solution chemical synthesis using triethanolamine-assisted diethylene glycol solvent, tin(II) chloride and thioacetamide as precursors at injection temperature of 180-220 °C. The influences of triethanolamine adding amounts, injection temperature, refluxing time on crystal phase, growth morphology and optical property of the synthesized SnS NCs were investigated. The results showed that both orthorhombic (OR) and zinc-blende (ZB) phase of SnS NCs could be formed by altering triethanolamine amounts.     

超薄油膜润滑的分子动力学模拟Ⅰ．刚性分子模型

分子量级超薄油膜的润滑特性与流体润滑及边界润滑的都有所不同，而且在超薄油膜中也同样存在着润滑剂的流动。因此，利用分子动力学方法模拟了超薄油膜中的压力流动，模拟中采用了刚性分子流体模型，重点研究固体壁面对流动的影响，结果表明，当油膜厚度远比流体分子“直径”大时，模拟所得速度剖面和流量均与流体力学的理论值基本一致；随着油膜厚度逐渐变薄，压力流动或动压流因受到固体壁面的阻碍作用而不断减小；当油膜厚度减小到几个分子直径量级时，两固体壁面之间的流体分子发生固化或晶体化，由此而导致压力流动消失。这可能是流体动力润滑向边界润滑转化的机理之一。由这些研究结果可见，分子动力学模拟在薄膜润滑研究中具有广阔的应用前景。     

A non-aggregation colorimetric assay for thrombin based on catalytic properties of silver nanoparticles

In this paper, we developed a simple and rapid colorimetric assay for protein detection based on the reduction of dye molecules catalyzed by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Aptamer-modified magnetic particles and aptamer-functionalized AgNPs were employed as capture and detection probes, respectively. Introduction of thrombin as target protein could form a sandwich-type complex involving catalytically active AgNPs, whose catalytic activity was monitored on the catalytic reduction of rhodamine B (RhB) by sodium borohydride (NaBH₄). The amount of immobilized AgNPs on the complex increased along with the increase of the thrombin concentration, thus the detection of thrombin was achieved via recording the decrease in absorbance corresponding to RhB. This method has adopted several advantages from the key factors involved, i.e., the sandwich binding of affinity aptamers contributed to the increased specificity; magnetic particles could result in rapid capture and separation processes; the conjugation of AgNPs would lead to a clear visual detection. It allows for the detection limit of thrombin down to picomolar level by the naked eye, with remarkable selectivity over other proteins. Moreover, it is possible to apply this method to the other targets with two binding sites as well.     

Effects of crystallographic orientation on the oxygen exchange rate of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films

The oxygen surface exchange of La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (LSM) thin films was investigated using the electrical conductivity relaxation (ECR) method. Epitaxial (100)-, (110)-, and (111)-oriented LSM films were fabricated on corresponding SrTiO₃ (STO) substrates using pulsed laser deposition. The LSM films had well-controlled surface qualities, exhibited bulk-like steady-state electrical properties, and exhibited surface dominated responses in ECR. The chemical surface exchange coefficients (k_chem) were determined and varied from ≈ 1 × 10^− 6 to 65 × 10^− 6 cm/s, depending on temperature and orientation, with activation energies of between 0.8 and 1.2 eV. At 800 °C, a four fold variation is observed in the k_chem values, with (110)/(100) being the highest/lowest, explained well by the high activation energy for (110), ≈ 1.16 eV, and the low energy for (111) and (100), ≈0.83 eV.     

Velocity of current filament at the high gain mode of GaAs power photoconductive switches

Many of the characteristics, especially transient turn-on, of high gain mode photoconductive semiconductor switches can be explained by a model similar to a gas streamer model in this paper. Based on the gas discharge theory and photoactivated charge domain model, the mechanism of current filament at the high gain mode of GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switches (PCSSs) was discussed. It is pointed out that both the carrier density and the regional electric field satisfy two critical conditions for the formation and development of streamers. Experimental phenomena indicate that the turn-on time is considerably shorter than the time required for the transit of carriers crossing the electrode gap of the device at saturation transfer velocity. Moreover, the transient turn-on characteristic was analyzed and the ultra-fast velocity of current filament was calculated. The calculated results are in agreement with the experimental results.     

A novel and efficient total synthesis of shikonin

A novel and efficient synthesis of shikonin was accomplished with excellent enantiomeric excess (99.3% ee) and high overall yield (47%) in only six steps. The synthetic strategy involved an efficient Ru(II)-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation employing C₂-symmetric planar chiral ruthenocene phosphinooxazoline ligand (L-3), followed by the subsequent removal of the methyl protecting groups. Meanwhile, it could be preliminarily confirmed that the chiral side chain of shikonin was difficult to be constructed in one step with both stereoselectivity and α-regioselectivity.     

Growth behavior of GaN film along non-polar [1 1 -2 0] directions

We studied the atomic assembly mechanisms of non-polar GaN films by the molecular dynamics method as a function of the N:Ga flux ratio at a fixed adatom energy on non-polar planes. Our study revealed that high quality crystal growth occurred only when off-lattice atoms (which are usually associated with amorphous embryos or defect complexes) formed during deposition were able to move to unoccupied lattice sites by thermally activated diffusion processes, which attests to the experimental difficulties in obtaining smooth surfaces due to dense stacking faults lying in non-polar GaN. Furthermore, surface structures on different planes played an important role. We further suggested favorable conditions for growing high quality GaN films and nano-structures along non-polar directions.     

Feedback control and hybrid projective synchronization of a fractional-order Newton-Leipnik system

In this work, stability analysis of the fractional-order Newton-Leipnik system is studied by using the fractional Routh-Hurwitz criteria. The fractional Routh-Hurwitz conditions are used to control chaos in the proposed fractional-order system to its equilibria. Based on the fractional Routh-Hurwitz conditions and using specific choice of linear feedback controllers, it is shown that the Newton-Leipnik system is controlled to its equilibrium points. Moreover, the theoretical basis of hybird projective synchronization of commensurate and incommensurate fractional-order Newton-Leipnik systems is investigated. Based on the stability theorems of fractional-order systems, the controllers for hybrid projective synchroniztion are derived. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.