SILEX-1装置上等离子体尾场加速电子初步实验

激光等离子体加速电子机制可以产生准单能的高能电子束, 近年来成为国际上的研究热点. 中国工程物理研究院激光装置已经能够达到286TW的输出功率, 为国内在该领域的研究提供了实验条件. 文章介绍了在SILEX-1装置上开展的激光等离子体加速电子的初步实验, 并对测得结果进行讨论, 为下一步实验的进行提供了准备条件.     

相对论皮秒激光在低密度等离子体中直接加速的电子束的横向分布特征研究

相对论皮秒激光与低密度等离子体作用可以通过"激光直接加速"机制获得超有质动力定标率的高能电子,且电荷量可以达到百n C级,在伽马射线产生、正电子产生等方面具有重要应用.然而激光直接加速电子束相比激光尾场加速电子束具有更大的发散角,同时实验观测的横向束分布也不均匀,但是其中的物理机制研究较少.本文通过二维粒子模拟证明,相对论皮秒激光在低密度等离子体中驱动的激光直接加速中,高能电子束会在激光偏振方向分叉,而且电子能量越高这种现象越明显.文章通过细致的理论分析解释了这种高能电子横向分布产生"分叉"结构的内在原因.在激光直接加速的过程中,电子在纵向获得加速的时候,它在激光偏振方向(横向) betatron振荡的动能也会随之增加,当电子的能量足够高时,二者呈线性关系,因此高能电子的横向速度的振幅近似相等,这种相等的振幅最终导致了高能电子束在激光偏振方向的分叉.     

激光加速电子束团的输出特性研究

通过仔细研究俘获加速CAS(captureandaccelerationscenario)机制中电子束团的输出特性,发现其出射电子有3类不同的运动轨道即掠过(pass-by)、非弹性散射(IS)、CAS.由于实际入射电子束团的线度远大于强激光脉冲的线度,因此只有位于入射电子束团中心区域的电子才可能被俘获加速.对于目前所能获得的聚焦激光场强(～10²¹W/cm²)和实际的电子束团(～10⁸个电子)而言,最大的输出能量可达到450MeV以上,同时被加速电子的数目可达到10⁴—10⁵个.这表明CAS可望发展成为小型台式加速器的新加速原理     

基于激光尾波加速的涡轮叶片高能X射线CT

发展微焦点高能X射线源技术是实现高精度高能工业CT突破的关键,基于激光尾波加速驱动高能轫致辐射源开展了微焦点高能X射线源产生以及对涡轮叶片高能CT成像研究。利用一台20 TW钛蓝宝石超快超强激光器,通过电离注入的方式获得了（140±44）pC的高能电子束,并使用1.5 mm厚钨靶产生了累积源尺寸为25 μm的高能轫致辐射X射线。利用该微焦点高能X射线源,采用基于压缩感知的CT重建算法,在获取较少角度投影（31个角度）的情况下,获得了对涡轮叶片叶榫结构的CT重建。     

Design and cold test of a rectangular cavity beam position monitor

The CBPM is a kind of monitor which is used for the measurement of beam transverse position. It is becoming increasingly popular due to its high potential in resolution performance. In theory, the resolution can reach about 1 nanometer. In this paper, a rectangular CBPM is designed for it has better X-Y isolation than a cylindrical one. It has been simulated and measured, and the results agree with each other very well. The procedures and results for the simulation and the cold test will be shown later and it will be proved that this is a reliable method for the CBPM design.     

TW Laser system for Thomson scattering X-ray light source at Tsinghua University

A TW (Tera Watt) laser system based on Ti:sapphire mainly for the Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray light source (TTX) is being built. Both UV (ultraviolet) laser pulse for driving the photocathode radiofrequency (RF) gun and the IR (infrared) laser pulse as the electron-beam-scattered-light are provided by the system. Efforts have also been made in laser pulse shaping and laser beam transport to optimize the high-brightness electron beam production by the photocathode RF gun.     

电子在超短激光脉冲修正场中的动力学特性研究

给出了一种精确描述超短、紧聚焦激光脉冲的新方法，其思路是根据两个无量纲小量ε=1/(ω0t0)和s=1/(k0w0)（其中ω0=ck0为中心振荡频率，t0为脉冲延迟时间，w0为激光束腰半径）进行展开来计算脉冲的高阶修正场.在激光束近轴近似表达式的基础上，给出了高斯脉冲一阶修正场的解析表达式，并研究发现其振幅和相位相对于零阶修正场（即长脉冲近似）的修正量都在ε的量级甚至更小.另外对电子在超短高斯脉冲一阶修正场中的动力学特性研究发现：对于ω0t0>20的情况，零阶修正场可以正确地描述电子被光场加速的特性；当ω0t0<20时，则需要采用高阶修正场. 关键词： 超短激光脉冲 激光加速     

TW Laser system for Thomson scattering X-ray light source at Tsinghua University

A TW (Tera Watt) laser system based on Ti:sapphire mainly for the Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray light source (TTX) is being built. Both UV (ultraviolet) laser pulse for driving the photocathode radio-frequency (RF) gun and the IR (infrared) laser pulse as the electron-beam-scattered-light are provided by the system. Efforts have also been made in laser pulse shaping and laser beam transport to optimize the high-brightness electron beam production by the photocathode RF gun.     

Generating 10-40 MeV high quality monoenergetic electron beams using a 5 TW 60 fs laser at Tsinghua University

A unique facility for laser plasma physics and advanced accelerator research has recently been built at Tsinghua University. This system is based on a Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray source (TTX), which combines an ultrafast TW laser with a synchronized 45 MeV high brightness linac. In our recent laser wakefield acceleration experiments, we have obtained 10-40 MeV high quality monoenergetic electron beams by running the laser at 5 TW peak power. Under certain conditions a very low relative energy spread of a few percent can be achieved. Absolute charge calibration for three different scintillating screens has also been performed using the linac system.     

Relativistic Electron Acceleration in a Wake Field Generated by the Intense Femtosecond Laser Interaction with a Mixture Jet of Deuterium Clusters and Molecules

High energy electron acceleration in a wake field generated in the intense ultrashort （30fs） laser pulse cluster gas jet interaction is experimentally demonstrated. Relativistic electrons with energy of 60 MeV were observed. These high energy electrons split into two beams due to the relativistic self-focusing of the laser.