Ozonolysis of a Series of Methylated Alkenes: Reaction Rate Coefficients and Gas‐Phase Products

The gas‐phase ozonolysis of three methylated alkenes, i.e., trans‐2,2‐dimethyl‐3‐hexene (22dM3H), trans‐2,5‐dimethyl‐3‐hexene (25dM3H), and 4‐methyl‐1‐pentene (4M1P), has been investigated in the presence of sufficient hydroxyl radical scavenger in a laminar flow reactor at ambient temperature (296 ± 2 K) and P = 1 atm of dry air (RH ≤ 5%). Ozone levels in the reactor were monitored by an automatic analyzer. Alkene and gas‐phase product concentrations were determined via online sampling either on three‐bed adsorbent cartridges followed by thermodesorption and GC/FID‐MS analysis or on 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) cartridges for subsequent HPLC/UV analysis. Reaction rate coefficients of (3.38 ± 0.12) × 10^?17 for 22dM3H and (2.71 ± 0.26) × 10^?17 for 25dM3H, both in cm³ molecule^?1 s^?1 units, have been obtained under pseudo–first‐order conditions. Primary carbonyl products have been identified for the three investigated alkenes, and branching ratios are reported. In the case of 4M1P ozonolysis, the yield of a Criegee intermediate was indirectly determined. Kinetics and product study results are compared to those of literature when available. This work represents the first investigation of reaction products in the ozonolysis of 22dM3H, 25dM3H, and 4M1P in a flow reactor.     

Integration of microbolometers with infrared microstrip antennas

We report on various integration schemes of infrared microbolometers with microstrip antennas. The first integration design consists of two gold (Au) rectangular microstrip patches coupled along the radiating edges by a narrow niobium (Nb) strip. Devices using silicon oxide are compared to devices using amorphous silicon as antenna substrate. An extension of the twin-patch detector design is the microstrip dipole antenna-coupled microbolometer. Two ways of connecting the device to the contact pads via narrow dc leads are presented and compared. The contribution of the dc leads to the detector response is eliminated by directly connecting the dipole to the contact pads. The thermal isolation of the microbolometer from the silicon wafer is improved by incorporating air into the antenna dielectric substrate. This leads to higher detector responsivity and shifts the resonance towards longer antennas. The implementation of a bridge microstrip dipole antenna structure is also discussed.     

Dynamics of the thermocline in the equatorial region of the Pacific ocean

This paper is devoted to the subsurface current dynamics in equatorial regions, where the hallmark of a strong stratification is a sharp interface (thermocline), separating two layers of different density, and whose depth is dependent upon the strength of the winds above the ocean's surface. We give here a few monotonicity results concerning the dynamics of the thermocline in the equatorial region. The most important one asserts that the level of the thermocline decreases as the strength of the wind at ten meters above the ocean surface, denoted |U_w|, increases. Moreover, the strength of the current at the thermocline decreases as |U_w| increases.     

In-beam γ spectroscopy using DIC with a radioactive Ne beam

A study of deep-inelastic and multi-nucleon transfer reactions to populate neutron-rich O, Ne and F nuclei is here presented. The reaction under analysis employed a beam of radioactive ²⁴Ne at 7.9 AMeV, provided by the SPIRAL facility at Ganil, impingin on a ²⁰⁸Pb target. The reaction products have been detected in the VAMOS spectrometer in coincidence with gamma rays measured by the EXOGAM array. Preliminary results here presented show a selectivity in the population of states of different nature.     

On the contact interfaces in sonic composites

The paper analyses the effect of normal contact with friction on the generation of full band-gaps in sonic composites. The behavior of contact interfaces are computed by using LISA (local interaction simulation approach). LISA is an efficient tool for numerical simulation of the acoustic wave propagation in heterogeneous material specimens, in particular those with contact interfaces between different materials, like in sonic composites. (© 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Existence of capillary-gravity water waves with piecewise constant vorticity

In this paper we construct small-amplitude periodic capillary-gravity water waves with a piecewise constant vorticity distribution. They describe water waves traveling on superposed linearly sheared currents that have different vorticities. This is achieved by associating to the height function formulation of the water wave problem a diffraction problem where we impose suitable transmission conditions on each line where the vorticity function has a jump. The solutions of the diffraction problem, found by using local bifurcation theory, are the desired solutions of the hydrodynamical problem.     

On the existence of free-surface azimuthal equatorial flows

This paper is concerned with the governing equations (together with the free boundary and the bottom boundary conditions) for an inviscid, incompressible fluid, written in spherical coordinates which are fixed at a point on the rotating Earth. For a special type of a steady flow moving only in the azimuthal direction, with no variation in this direction, we provide a functional-analytic study of the link between the pressure at the free surface of the ocean and the distortion of that surface.     

On the correlation between thermal analysis results and corrosion behaviour of some metallic religious artefacts

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of immersion time on the electrochemical corrosion behaviour of three brass alloys (CuZn) coming from religious artefacts in simulated acid rain at 25 °C, utilising the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The main parameters of the corrosion process were established. On the other hand, the alloys were also analysed by means DSC and TG/DTA before and after immersion in the corrosive environment. Finally, the obtained results were compared in order to correlate them with each other and with the corrosion process.     

X‐ray absorption study of the local structure at the NiO/oxide interfaces

This work reports an X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy study at the Ni K‐edge in the early stages of growth of NiO on non‐ordered SiO₂, Al₂O₃ and MgO thin films substrates. Two different coverages of NiO on the substrates have been studied. The analysis of the XANES region shows that for high coverages (80 Eq‐ML) the spectra are similar to that of bulk NiO, being identical for all substrates. In contrast, for low coverages (1 Eq‐ML) the spectra differ from that of large coverages indicating that the local order around Ni is limited to the first two coordination shells. In addition, the results also suggest the formation of cross‐linking bonds Ni—O—M (M = Si, Al, Mg) at the interface.     

E -Theoretic Duality for Higher Rank Graph Algebras

We prove that there is a Poincaré type duality in E-theory between higher rank graph algebras associated with a higher rank graph and its opposite correspondent. We obtain an r-duality, that is the fundamental classes are in E^r. The basic tools are a higher rank Fock space and higher rank Toeplitz algebra which has a more interesting ideal structure than in the rank 1 case. The K-homology fundamental class is given by an r-fold exact sequence whereas the K-theory fundamental class is given by a homomorphism. The E-theoretic products are essentially pull-backs so that the computation is done at the level of exact sequences. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 46L80.